The production and properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) rods oriented by drawing through a conical die

Richardson, A.; Hope, P. S.; Ward, I. M.

doi:10.1002/pol.1983.180211209

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The shape of this transition for the 125°C film is, in fact, more akin to those of the undrawn samples. One should note that the elastic moduli for the two samples remained essentially the same, which agrees with the findings of Richardson et al 37 The Young's modulus is, thus, another quantity that is insensitive to processing temperature.…”

Section: Elhibri and Paulsupporting

confidence: 89%

Gas transport in poly(vinylidene fluoride): Effects of uniaxial drawing and processing temperature

El‐Hibri

Paul

1986

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThis paper reports on the gas sorption and transport properties of poly(viny1idene fluoride) (PVF,) and on the effects uniaxial drawing and processing temperature have on these prop erties. Sorption and transport were first examined for "as-received" commercial Kynar PVF2 film at 35°C. This film was 54% crystalline by weight. Solubility, diffusion, and permeability coefficients were measured for He, H2, Ar, 0 2 , Nz, CH,, and COz. The solubility coefficient and the diffusion coefFicient D were correlated with the Lennard-Jones potential and mean molecular diameter of the gas, respectively. Uniaxial drawing of PVF, films was performed up to a draw ratio of 3.7 and over the temperature range 75-140°C. Transport properties were correlated with the extent of draw and drawing temperature. The permeability P and D were found to significantly decline with uniaxial drawing; the magnitude of this effect was dependent on both the drawing temperature and the molecular size of the penetrant considered. Reductions in P and D became progressively more pronounced with increasing molecular diameter and with decreasing drawing temperature (down to a limit of about 75"C), which reflects an increase in effectiveness of drawing at low temperatures. PVFz films annealed above 75°Cshowed a n increase in P and D as opposed to the effect of drawing. The solubility of various gases in PVF2 was not found to be sensitive to processing treatments such as drawing and annealing, in agreement with the relatively small changes observed in free volume. PVF2 films subjected to various treatments were characterized by DSC, density, birefringence, and dynamic mechanical measurements. Gas transport measurements appear to provide a more sensitive and hence more viable measure of the effectiveness of drawing than these other techniques. Drawing PVF2 in the melt state was found to increase P and D, in contrast with the effects observed for solid-state drawing. The results have been interpreted in terms of existing theories on morphology and microstructure in semicrystalline polymers. INTRODUCTIONIn an earlier paper' we reported a detailed study of the gas sorption and transport behavior of poly(viny1 chloride), a glassy and primarily amorphous material, and how these characteristics are influenced by uniaxial drawing and heat treatment. The latter processing steps were found to have substantial effects on the transport properties of PVC. In the present work, we focus on the effects of drawing and thermal treatments on gas transport in poly(viny1idene fluoride) (PVF,), which is a semicrystalline polymer whose amorphous fraction is rubbery at room temperature.PVF2 is a good barrier material, having gas permeabilities of the same order as those for PVC, and has excellent chemical resistance. PVFp is now finding some commercial uses in miscible blends with poly(methy1 methacrylate) for applications requiring good barrier performance and resistance to harsh chemical environments. These factors prompted us to examine the effects of uniaxially drawing...

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Section: Elhibri and Paulsupporting

confidence: 89%

Gas transport in poly(vinylidene fluoride): Effects of uniaxial drawing and processing temperature

El‐Hibri

Paul

1986

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…It is well known that PVDF can crystallize into at least five different crystal forms [20,21]. The a form is the most common crystal phase and it can be obtained by the conventional melt-crystallization method.…”

Section: Orientation Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization and orientation behaviors of poly(vinylidene fluoride) in the oriented blend with nylon 11

Kaito

2003

Polymer

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“…The situation is similar but not so drastic in low density PE (LDPE) [97] and in iPP [138]. Besides PE different other semicrystalline polymers have been investigated such as iPP [79,138,139], POM [140,141], polyvinylalcohol (PVA) [48], poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) [142], poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF2) [143][144][145], poly(buthenel) (PB1) [146], iPS [147][148][149][150][151], polyethylene terephthalate (PET) [84,152], polyamides [1,50,51,80,153], poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) [154], and poly(acrylonitril) [155,156].…”

Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Drawing and extrusion of semi-crystalline polymers

Peterlin

1987

Colloid & Polymer Sci

246

194

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This review treats mainly the initial transformation of the starting unoriented lamellar material into the final oriented microfibrillar structure and its drawing. If the starting material has partially oriented shish-kebab structure the drawing is a combination of transformation of lamellae into the microfibrils and the drawing of microfibrils. The review artide is based on the literature from the last ten years and relys heavily on recent reviewing [1][2][3]. Older articles are only included if they have contributed to the basic ideas and experiments of drawing.

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The production and properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) rods oriented by drawing through a conical die

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Gas transport in poly(vinylidene fluoride): Effects of uniaxial drawing and processing temperature

Gas transport in poly(vinylidene fluoride): Effects of uniaxial drawing and processing temperature

Crystallization and orientation behaviors of poly(vinylidene fluoride) in the oriented blend with nylon 11

Drawing and extrusion of semi-crystalline polymers

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