The Production and Utilization of Winter Grass at Various Centres in England and Wales, 1954–60

Baker, H. Kendra; Chard, J. R. A.; Hughes, G. Pearson

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1961.tb00233.x

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The overall mean response to N was 12·0 kg DM kg −1 N (range 1·5–29·7 kg DM kg −1 N) which not only falls within the range found in cutting experiments during the normal growing season (Bartholomew and Chestnutt, 1977) but also compares with that found by Baker et al . (1961a), Wilkinson (1985) and Skinner and Allen (1991) for N applied specifically to produce herbage for late autumn/winter utilization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Herbage mass at each of the harvest dates was as high as, or higher than, those obtained in other experiments where the objective was to produce herbage for the late autumn/winter period (Baker et al ., 1961a; Castle and Watson, 1961; Wilkinson, 1985; Skinner and Allen, 1991). Compared with the zero N treatment, progressively increasing the rate of N application increased the herbage mass at each harvest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The concept of extending grazing into the winter is not new (Davies and Fagan, 1938; Hughes, 1954; Baker et al ., 1961a, Baker et al 1961b; Castle and Watson, 1961). However, the feeding value of autumn grass is not as high as that of spring grass, though differences in terms of animal production are not always large (Gordon, 1974; Marsh, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of rate and timing of application of fertilizer nitrogen in late summer on herbage mass and chemical composition of perennial ryegrass swards over the winter period in Northern Ireland

Binnie¹,

Mayne²,

Laidlaw³

2001

Grass and Forage Science

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A small‐plot experiment was carried out in Northern Ireland on a predominantly perennial ryegrass sward over the period July 1993 to March 1994 to investigate the effect of timing and rate of fertilizer nitrogen (N) application on herbage mass and its chemical composition over the winter period. Eighty treatment combinations, involving four N fertilizer application dates (28 July, 9 and 30 August and 20 September 1993), four rates of N fertilizer (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha−1) and five harvest dates (1 October, 1 November, 1 December 1993, 1 February and 1 March 1994), were replicated three times in a randomized block design experiment. N application increased herbage mass at each of the harvest dates, but in general there was a decrease in response to N with increasing rate of N and delay in time of application. Mean responses to N applications were 13·0, 11·5 and 9·5 kg DM kg−1 N at 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha−1 respectively. Delaying N application, which also reduced the length of the period of growth, reduced the mean response to N fertilizer from 14·3 to 7·4 kg DM kg−1 N for N applied on 28 July and 20 September respectively. Increasing rate of N application increased the N concentration and reduced the dry‐matter (DM) content and water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration of the herbage but had little effect on the acid‐detergent fibre (ADF) concentration. Delaying N application increased N concentration and reduced DM content of the herbage. The effect of date of N application on WSC concentration varied between harvests. A decrease in herbage mass occurred from November onwards which was associated with a decrease in the proportion of live leaf and stem material and an increase in the proportion of dead material in the sward. It is concluded that there is considerable potential to increase the herbage mass available for autumn/early winter grazing by applying up to 60 kg N ha−1 in early September.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of rate and timing of application of fertilizer nitrogen in late summer on herbage mass and chemical composition of perennial ryegrass swards over the winter period in Northern Ireland

Binnie¹,

Mayne²,

Laidlaw³

2001

Grass and Forage Science

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“…There are no research studies concerning the quality and production capacity of grass stands in the autumn and winter. Many authors have studied the quality and yield of herbage in the autumn and winter; they also investigated the possibilities of a prolongation of the grazing season but mostly under conditions of Atlantic climate and overseas (Baker et al, 1961;Frame, 1970;Opitz von Boberfeld and Wolf, 2002). The territory of the Czech Republic is infl uenced by Atlantic climate only during the summer months while in winter the infl ux of cold air from Siberia predominates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of utilization term on the biomass production, organic matter digestibility and ergosterol content of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in winter

Skládanka¹

2014

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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“…Baker et al (2) and Gardner (9) noted considerably more rotting in broadcast swards; and Corbett (6) suggested that less dense swards would be more desirable because they would be less subject to rotting. Stock appear to waste less herbage when grazing a row crop (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Production of Winter Grass From a Row Crop of Cocksfoot and Lucerne

Cowling

1962

Grass and Forage Science

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A crop of cocksfoot and lucerne in alternate rows was subjected to various autumn treatments for winter pasture. The yield of grass in winter, and the effect of autumn and winter treatments upon yield and composition in the following spring, are reported and discussed. Maximum yield of winter grass was achieved by resting from an early date and applying nitrogenous fertilizer. The response to fertilizer applied in August and mid‐September for winter grass production was as good as that obtained on ordinary swards at other times of the year. To ensure an adequate yield in any year the crop would need to be rested from early August and to receive about 70 lb N per acre. The spring growth of cocksfoot was distinctly retarded by cutting twice in winter, i.e. in November and February. Cutting once only had no such adverse effect. Both cocksfoot and lucerne persisted satisfactorily. The use of nitrogenous fertilizer to promote autumn growth of grass did not greatly reduce the overall productivity of the lucerne. The two species were complementary in the sense that, in combination, they maintained a high aggregate yield of herbage under a range of weather conditions in midsummer and in winter.

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The Production and Utilization of Winter Grass at Various Centres in England and Wales, 1954–60

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

The effects of rate and timing of application of fertilizer nitrogen in late summer on herbage mass and chemical composition of perennial ryegrass swards over the winter period in Northern Ireland

The effects of rate and timing of application of fertilizer nitrogen in late summer on herbage mass and chemical composition of perennial ryegrass swards over the winter period in Northern Ireland

The effect of utilization term on the biomass production, organic matter digestibility and ergosterol content of semi-natural grass stand in the autumn and in winter

The Production of Winter Grass From a Row Crop of Cocksfoot and Lucerne

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