The Production of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural from Fructose in Isopropyl Alcohol: A Green and Efficient System

Lai, Linke; Zhang, Yugen

doi:10.1002/cssc.201100489

Cited by 130 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…According to the result of GC-MS analysis (not shown here), this result can be explained by the acetalisation reaction between furfural and alcohol under the catalysis of acid sites. Similar phenomenon was reported by Lai and Zhang in their previous work about the production of HMF from fructose [48]. Moreover, as listed in Table 3, xylose conversion and furfural selectivity in hexane/water biphasic system were very close to those in aqueous phase due to that hexane is not a solvent having a good affinity to furfural.…”

Section: Scheme 1 Suggested Reaction Mechanism Of Xylose Dehydrationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dehydration of xylose to furfural over niobium phosphate catalyst in biphasic solvent system

Pholjaroen

Wang

et al. 2013

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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Section: Scheme 1 Suggested Reaction Mechanism Of Xylose Dehydrationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dehydration of xylose to furfural over niobium phosphate catalyst in biphasic solvent system

Pholjaroen

Wang

et al. 2013

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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“…Acidic catalysts can effectively convert cellulose into HMF by hydrolyzing cellulose to glucose, isomerizing the glucose to fructose, and dehydroyzing the fructose to HMF (Hick et al 2010;Cao et al 2011;Lai and Zhang 2011); this is an important factor in the depolymerization of cellulose. Usually, these processes contain HMF, FF, glucose, fructose, formic acid, levulinic acid, and other byproducts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Cellulose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural using Inorganic Acidic Catalysts in the Presence of Pressurized Water Steam

Cai¹,

Liu²,

Tan³

et al. 2017

BioResources

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Traditionally, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is produced by using a waterorganic solvent medium, which inevitably increases production costs and adds subsequent separation processes. To minimize cost and/or toxic organic solvent usage, this study presents an effective pathway for producing HMF from cellulose. The process uses a fixed bed reactor with a steam stripping process in which the cellulose is converted into HMF and other products in the presence of acidic inorganic salts. In the process, the cellulose was hydrolyzed to glucose, which was followed by isomerization to fructose and fructose dehydration into HMF. The produced HMF was easily vaporized into the gas phase, which avoided its conversion into undesired byproducts. An acceptable HMF yield of 28.2 mol% was obtained using KH2PO4 as the catalyst at 270 °C. This technology could be used to obtain both HMF and furfural (FF) from different lignocellulosic biomasses. This stripping technology has advantages such as the lack of organic solvents, showing an alternative and green HMF and/or FF production from lignocellulosic biomass.

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“…[62] In as ubsequentr eport, an 82 % HMF yield was reported in isopropanol in 1h at 120 8C, [63] while other researchers have reported an ear-quantitativey ield in [bmim]Cla t8 08C. However,t he dehydration of fructose involves the generationo f3moles of water per mole of fructose, soi tw as decided to operate with al ower initial water contentt oa void ap ossible excess that could reduce the rate of reaction or lead to further undesired hydrolysis of HMF.…”

Section: Selection Of the Acid Catalystmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rapid, High‐Yield Fructose Dehydration to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Mixtures of Water and the Noncoordinating Ionic Liquid [bmim][OTf]

2019

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The noncoordinating ionic liquid [bmim][OTf] (bmim=1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium) is an effective and versatile solvent for the high‐yield dehydration of fructose to the platform chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) over short reaction times. In contrast to prior studies in which low yields were obtained for this transformation in ionic liquids (ILs) with noncoordinating anions, this contribution reveals that the water content is an essential parameter for an efficient reaction in ILs. Achieving the optimum amount of water can increase the yield dramatically by regulating the acidity of the catalyst and partially suppressing the side reaction caused by self‐condensation of HMF. Using acid catalysis in [bmim][OTf] with 3.5 % water content, yields above 80 % can be achieved at 100 °C in only 10 min, even at high (14 %) fructose loading. These results also suggest that [bmim][OTf] represents a superior medium for solvent extraction of HMF compared to halide‐based ILs, allowing the option of isolation or further valorization of the HMF formed.

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The Production of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural from Fructose in Isopropyl Alcohol: A Green and Efficient System

Cited by 130 publications

References 43 publications

Dehydration of xylose to furfural over niobium phosphate catalyst in biphasic solvent system

Dehydration of xylose to furfural over niobium phosphate catalyst in biphasic solvent system

Conversion of Cellulose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural using Inorganic Acidic Catalysts in the Presence of Pressurized Water Steam

Rapid, High‐Yield Fructose Dehydration to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Mixtures of Water and the Noncoordinating Ionic Liquid [bmim][OTf]

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