The Production of Chromatid Aberrations by<i>5-Fluorodeoxyuridine</i>Alone and in Combination with X-Rays and<i>8-Ethoxycaffeine</i>

Kihlman, B.A.

doi:10.1080/00087114.1962.10796059

Cited by 53 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…TAYLOR's experiment also indicated that not only these lesions but also breaks produced by radiation require thymidylate for repair and reunion of ends produced by breakage. KIHLMAN ( 1962) soon confirmed some of these results. Besides strong fragmentation of chromosomes, the various other aberrations included gaps, chromatid breaks and isochromatid breaks without sister-union frequently localised in the heterochromatin segments occuring close to the centromere.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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On the Mechanisms of the Synergy of 5-Fluorouracil Deoxyriboside (FUDR) and Ionizing Radiations

1966

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…3, plate I), leading to breaks of these segments. This effect has been mentioned by KIHLMAN (1962). It seems to be completely due to FUDR acting at certain stages since it has not increased after the combined treatments.…”

Section: A Induced Chromosomal Aberrationsmentioning

confidence: 73%

On the Mechanisms of the Synergy of 5-Fluorouracil Deoxyriboside (FUDR) and Ionizing Radiations

1966

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“…glycolysis, respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. A few well known mitotic inhibitors are Azaserine-an antibiotic (Tanaka and Sugimura 1956), Amino pterin and Amethopterin (Hughes 1952)and 5 Fluorodeoxyuridine (Taylor 1962, Kihlman 1962. Bullought (1952) opined that energy required for mitosis is produced during a particular stage of the mitotic cycle-antephase.…”

Section: A) Effect On Somatic Chromosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetical studies on the effects of some chlorinated pesticides. III. Concluding remarks.

Jain

Sarbhoy

1988

CYTOLOGIA

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The use of pesticides is unavoidable in modern agriculture . Several million tons of organic and inorganic chemicals with antimicrobial and insecticidal properties are added an nually in soil and their environment.Some of them while killing or inhibiting the harmful or ganisms not only upset the ecosystem but also produce undesirable changes in higher organisms. The present study was undertaken in order to assess the cytogenetic effects of some widely used chlorinated pesticides-Benzene hexachloride (BHC), Lindane, Aldrin, Heptachlor and Endrin on plant system. Meterial and methodsThe detailed methodology has been described in Part I and II (1987) of this series.Results and discussion A) Effect on somatic chromosomesThe immediate effect of all the pesticide treatment was partial or entire inactivation of spin dle mechanism followed by scattering of chromosomes. Benzene hexachloride (BHC) has been observed to affect spindle apparatus more severely than Lindane, Aldrin, Heptachlor and Endrin. The spindle inactivation affected the chromosomes movement. The various theories which have been put forwarded to explain chromosomes movement during cell division does not seems to be entirely satisfactory. The various pesticides were differently potent in disturbing the spindle apparatus. No normal metaphase stage was observed after 2hr. root-tip treatment of BHC, while in Lindane and Endrin treatment stages were observed in low magnitude (data not presented here). The normal metaphase stages were observed in higher percentage after Aldrin and Heptachlor treatment in compare to BHC, Lindane and Endrin treatments for the same duration of treatment (data not presented here). In Aldrin and Heptachlor treatments the concentrations used were ten times greater than BHC, Lindane and Endrin treatments. There fore, alteration in viscosity of karyolymph will be greater in Aldrin and Heptachlor treated root tips than BHC, Lindane and Endrin treated. Hence, as per viscosity and hydration theory (Wassermann 1929), no normal cell would be observed in Aldrin and Heptachlor treated root tins: however, normal cells were observed in all the treatments.The chromosome autonomy theory (Frey-Wyssling 1938) seems partially responsible for chromosome movement as the chromosomes possess energy in the form of adenosine triph osphate (ATP) necessary for their movement. Epel (1963) found complete inhibition of mitosis when ATP level dropped below the 50% of normal level. Hence, it may be presumed that the chemicals which affect ATP and sugar synthesis by creating annoxia condition or by other means exert much effect on chromosomes movement. The oxygen defficiency is known to

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“…Djordjevic and Szybalski (1960) reported that BUDR can reverse FUDRinduced inhibition of cell division. Kihlman (1962) I T O T I C INHIBITION IN VICIA 239 26 hours, those roots which had been transferred to water after treatment contained no divisions, whereas in those which had been post-treated for I hour with 10-94 T D R or BUDR before being transferred to water, cell division had resumed. T h e data presented in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…T w o major cytological effects attributable to FUDR have been shown to be the inhibition of mitosis and the production of chromosome abnormalities (Heidelberger, 1963). Since the inhibition of D N A synthesis is caused by the specific inhibition of thymidylate synthetase by 5-fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate, many of the effects of FUDR may be reversed by thymidine and thymidine analogues (Kihlman, 1962). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Reversal of 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine-Induced Mitotic Inhibition by Thymidine and Thymidine Analogues

Hoffmann¹

1970

Can. J. Genet. Cytol.

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At concentrations of lo-' M and lo-' M, 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR) completely inhibits cell division in root tips of Vicia fnbn. Suppression of cell division by A4 FUDR is incomplete. I11 roots treated with lo-' A4 thymidine (TDR), the level of mitosis is unchanged. In 10.' A4 TDR, lo-' A4 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR), or lo-' M 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUDR), there is some decline in the mitotic index, particularly at later time periods.After a 25-hour treatment with lo-' M FUDR, roots do not recover for more than 2 days in water. Recovery is faster in T D R . Thcre is a slight enhancement of recovery in lo-' &I T D R and more rapid recovery at higher concentrations. The T D R analogues, BUDR and IUDR, are also somewhat effective in reversing FUDR-induced mitotic inhibition. T D R itself is most effective, followed by BUDR and IUDR, in that order. Renewed cell division, however, is often only temporary.When administered simultaneously with lo-' h4 FUDR, TDR, at higher concentrations, provides some protection from mitotic inhibition. The protection from 10-a &I FUDR offered by simultaneous exposure to IUDR is slight. With simultaneous exposure to 10" A? FUDR and lo-' A4 BUDR, a decline in the level of mitosis is followed by partially synchronous cell divisions.

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The Production of Chromatid Aberrations by5-FluorodeoxyuridineAlone and in Combination with X-Rays and8-Ethoxycaffeine

Cited by 53 publications

References 11 publications

On the Mechanisms of the Synergy of 5-Fluorouracil Deoxyriboside (FUDR) and Ionizing Radiations

On the Mechanisms of the Synergy of 5-Fluorouracil Deoxyriboside (FUDR) and Ionizing Radiations

Cytogenetical studies on the effects of some chlorinated pesticides. III. Concluding remarks.

Studies on the Reversal of 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine-Induced Mitotic Inhibition by Thymidine and Thymidine Analogues

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