The production of manganese dioxide from manganese ores of some deposits of the Siberian region of Russia

Effect of Non-ionic Surfactants and Its Role in K Intercalation in Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide

“…[9] This increasing demand gives rise to a need for high purity EMD from alternative sources. Numerous reports are available regarding the synthesis of EMD (c-MnO 2 ) from various manganese ores [10][11][12][13][14] and its role as a cathode in alkaline Zn-MnO 2 systems, [3,4,8,15] while the possibility of producing EMD from low grade and secondary manganese resources has not been fully explored. Production of EMD from a range of sources will be necessary to meet future escalating demand.…”

Co-recovery of manganese from low-grade pyrolusite and vanadium from stone coal using fluidized roasting coupling technology

“…The process has many disadvantages: high energy consumption, long roasting time, insufficient heat and mass transfer, and easy sintering. The hydrometallurgical reduction proceeds mainly with the following reductants: reductive minerals, including pyrite (Kholmogorov et al, 2000), sphalerite (L, 2004), and galena (Long et al, 2010); organic reductive materials, including molasses (Lasheen et al, 2009;Su et al, 2008), methyl alcohol (Momade and Momade, 1999a;Momade and Momade, 1999b), sawdust (Hariprasad et al, 2007), cornstalk (Tian et al, 2010), and oxalic acid (Sahoo et al, 2001); and inorganic reductants, including sodium sulfite (Jianhua et al, 2007), iron powder (Bafghi et al, 2008), ferrous sulfate (Das et al, 1982), hydrogen peroxide (Do et al, 2009;El Hazek et al, 2006;Nayl et al, 2011), and sulfur dioxide (Grimanelis et al, 1992;Naik et al, 2000;Sun et al, 2011).…”

Reductive Leaching of Low-Grade Pyrolusite with Formic Acid

“…[13] For the low-or middle-grade pyrolusite, hydrometallurgy is extensively applied in the reduction of quadrivalence manganese because of its efficiency and economy. Generally, there are three kinds of hydrometallurgical reductants: organic materials including glucose, [14][15][16] sucrose, [17] cellulose, [18] and methanol [19] ; inorganic materials including pyrite, [20] hydrogen peroxide, [21] and sulfur dioxide [22] ; biomass including molasses [23] and molasses alcohol wastewater, [24] sawdust, [25] corncob, [26] dried leaves, [27] waste tea-leaves, [28] and so on. Although there have been many reductants reported on hydrometallurgy, few C 1 organic reductants have been investigated.…”