The Profile of Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Derrou, S.; Guendouz, Faycal El; Benabdelfedil, Yousra; Chakri, Imad; Ouleghzal, H.; Safi, S.

doi:10.4103/aam.aam_8_20

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3 A study conducted in Morocco by Derrou S et al found that the incidence of GAD, IA2-insulin antibodies-protein tyrosine phosphate, and ICA was 74, 22, and 3.7%, respectively. 13 Another study on the pediatric population in Morocco by Belhiba et al showed that the proportion of positive results for anti-IA2 antibodies and anti-GAD antibodies was 76.92% and 62.82%, respectively. 9 Testing for anti-GAD antibodies alone may suffice as a diagnostic tool in young-onset diabetes mellitus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the Clinical Utility of Diabetes Antibody Testing in the Indian Population: A Retrospective Study of 3 Years

Jatale,

Almeida,

Christy

et al. 2024

Indian Journal of Medical Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes is rising at 2-3% per year and contributes to almost 90% of juvenile diabetes and 10% of adult-onset diabetes. The presence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65), insulin antibodies (IA-2), islet cell antibodies, insulin antibodies, and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) indicates autoimmune destruction of beta cells and thus has the highest predictive value for type 1 diabetes. The risk of developing diabetes is also higher when an individual exhibits more than one antibody. Our study aimed to compare the predictive value of diabetes positivity for a specific type of autoantibody. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Global Reference Lab in Mumbai over a period of 3 years (from January 2020 to July 2023) on patients and children undergoing testing for diabetes type 1 profile. Data were analyzed based on age, gender, and antibody positivity. Results: Out of the 547 patients tested, 41.68% were female, and 58.32% were male. The positivity rate for the type 1 diabetes profile was 53.75%. Glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 antibodies were detected in 45.16% of patients, followed by IA2 insulin in 15.17% of patients. 48.68% of females were positive for GAD-65 compared to 42.63% positivity in males. The prevalence of GAD-65 positivity was higher in children up to 12 years of age, at 58.86%, followed by 43.50% positivity among the 19-30 years age group. Conclusion: Our study found that more than half of the individuals (53.75%) who underwent testing, exhibited type 1 diabetes antibodies. GAD-65 positivity rates were higher in females compared to males. Clinical significance:The study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and significance of type 1 diabetes antibodies in the Indian population, offering a foundation for targeted strategies in diabetes prevention and management.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the Clinical Utility of Diabetes Antibody Testing in the Indian Population: A Retrospective Study of 3 Years

Jatale,

Almeida,

Christy

et al. 2024

Indian Journal of Medical Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…T1DM is an AD in which insulin deficiency results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells caused by the autoantibodies. This insulin deficiency leads to higher levels of blood glucose [1]. On the other hand, CD is also an AD characterized by its gluten intolerance, which is a protein present in rye, wheat, and barley.…”

Section: Review Shared Genetic Background and Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder (AD) characterized by pancreatic beta cell destruction in the islets of Langerhans caused by autoantibodies. This cell destruction leads to insulin deficiency and a consequent state of chronic hyperglycemia [1]. Worldwide, T1DM has an annual increased incidence of approximately 2-3% per year and it has a peak in the group of 10-14 years but can manifest at any age [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Celiac Disease: Autoimmune Disorders With a Shared Genetic Background

Monar¹,

Islam²,

Puttagunta³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD) are one of the most recognized related autoimmune disorders as they share a common genetic background that has been found in the HLA genotype, more specifically DQ2 and DQ8 molecules. Studies have shown that environmental factors as early or late exposure to cereals in the first months of life or the acquired viral infections have been implicated in the risk of development of autoantigens. CD, in most cases, is asymptomatic; therefore, it goes underdiagnosed. As a result, it has been linked to late consequences as decreased growth, delayed puberty, and anemia. Also, CD has been considered an independent risk factor for nephropathy and retinopathy. Therefore, in T1DM patients, as high-risk individuals, a CD screening has been recommended, especially to analyze their joint management. A gluten-free diet has been studied and linked to possible benefits in glycemic control or decreasing the hypoglycemic episodes in T1DM and preventing in CD the late bowel mucosal damage as gluten has been well documented as the primary trigger of these autoimmune responses. This article has reviewed the concurrent occurrence of T1DM and CD regarding the pathogenesis, clinical overlaps, screening, and management options.

show abstract

“…Children coping with diabetes mellitus (DM) has been a crisis globally, which is a cluster of metabolic diseases, rather than a single illness, that are characterized by chronic hyperglycemia 1 . Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), an autoimmune disease destructs the pancreatic islet cells due to the inability in producing insulin, hormone essential for metabolism of glucose 2 . The reported cases of children with T1DM is rising staggeringly, and about 96,000 children under the age of fifteen are diagnosed with T1DM annually 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of closed-loop control system for type one diabetes in adolescents a meta analysis

Jabari

2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of Closed-Loop Control (CLC) to Sensor-Augmented Insulin Pump (SAP) for adolescent patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Eleven randomized-controlled trials were included with a total of 570 patients, from a total of 869 articles found adhering to PRISMA guidelines. The efficacy of the therapies were evaluated from the day, night and during physical activities monitoring of the of the mean blood glucose (BG), Time In Range (TIR), and Standard Deviation (SD) of the glucose variability. The safety measure of the therapies, was assessed from the day and night recording of the hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events occurred. Pooled results of comparison of mean BG values for day, night and physical activities, − 4.33 [− 6.70, − 1.96] (P = 0.0003), − 16.61 [− 31.68, − 1.54] (P = 0.03) and − 8.27 [− 19.52, 2.99] (P = 0.15). The monitoring for day, night and physical activities for TIR − 13.18 [− 19.18, − 7.17] (P < 0.0001), − 15.36 [− 26.81, − 3.92] (P = 0.009) and − 7.39 [− 17.65, 2.87] (P = 0.16). The day and night results of SD of glucose variability was − 0.40 [− 0.79, − 0.00] (P = 0.05) and − 0.86 [− 2.67, 0.95] (P = 0.35). These values shows the superiority of CLC system in terms of efficacy. The safety evaluation, of the day, night and physical activities observations of average blood glucose goal hypoglycemic events − 0.54 [− 1.86, 0.79] (P = 0.43), 0.04 [− 0.20, 0.27] (P = 0.77) and 0.00 [− 0.25, 0.25] (P = 1.00) and hyperglycemic events − 0.04 [− 0.20, 0.27] (P = 0.77), − 7.11 [− 12.77, − 1.45] (P = 0.01) and − 0.00 [− 0.10, 0.10] (P = 0.97), highlights the commendable safety factor of CLC. The CLC systems can be considered as an ideal preference in the management of adolescents with type 1 diabetes to be used during a 24 h basis.

show abstract

The Profile of Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the Clinical Utility of Diabetes Antibody Testing in the Indian Population: A Retrospective Study of 3 Years

Prevalence of Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the Clinical Utility of Diabetes Antibody Testing in the Indian Population: A Retrospective Study of 3 Years

Association Between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Celiac Disease: Autoimmune Disorders With a Shared Genetic Background

Efficacy and safety of closed-loop control system for type one diabetes in adolescents a meta analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About