The profile of urinary lipid metabolites in cats

Abstract

Polyunsaturated fatty acids including arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are converted to lipid mediators by oxidation. Unlike other mammals, cats cannot synthesize AA. Since their lipid metabolic features remain unknown, we qualitatively analyzed 118 types of urinary lipid metabolites in healthy neutered cats. Using LC-MS, we found 26 lipid metabolites in urines of all individuals. In detail, 20 AA-, 5 EPA- and 1 DHA-derived lipid mediators were detected. Focusing on oxidative pathway, 17 cyclooxygenase-metabolites and 5 metabolites produced by non-enzymatic pathway were detected. Of interest, few lipoxygenase- or cytochrome P450-metabolites were excreted. Thus, AA-derived cyclooxygenase-metabolites mainly composed the urinary lipid metabolites in cats.

The profile of urinary lipid metabolites in healthy dogs

“…. The samples were handled and analyzed as previously described [ 12 ]. Urine samples were stored until used at −28°C for 3–7 months.…”

Comprehensive profiling of lipid metabolites in urine of canine patients with liver mass

“…Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), members of n-3 PUFAs, are essential fatty acids that mammals should obtain from dietary food, since these PUFAs cannot be synthesized in the body. EPA and DHA also go through enzyme-dependent and independent reactions that generate multiple lipid metabolites [ 15 ].…”

“…All dogs included in the current study received neither drugs that would directly affect production of lipid mediators, such as steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nor radiation therapy. The samples were handled and analyzed as previously described [ 15 ]. Urine samples were stored until used at −28°C.…”

The urinary lipid profile in cats with idiopathic cystitis

“…In the previous study, we first analyzed urinary lipid metabolites of healthy cats and showed that the lipid production differs depending on the animal species. Their urine contained less LOX- and CYP-metabolites compared with humans and mice [ 17 ]. We next reported that infectious inflammation in the bladder increased the excretion of major inflammatory lipid metabolites of PGI 2 , PGE 2 , and linoleic acid in cat urine [ 18 ].…”