The Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Hindfelt, Bengt; Nilsson, Olle

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05632.x

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Stroke associated with migraine, stroke due to extracranial artery dissection, and patients with an unknown etiology have been associated with lower risk of recurrence [2,12,13,20,32,33].…”

Section: Recurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important methodological limitations in most of these studies are the retrospective design, but it is not so important to evaluate the long-term consequences of stroke, since events as recurrence, death, and disability can be easyly and accurately evaluated with this methodology. The review of the clinical records (including periodic outpatient reviews) complemented with telephone interviews is the main tools for obtaining information about the patients' functional status after the stroke in the main studies about consequences of stroke in the young [9][10][11][12][13][14], including prospective series [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults

et al. 2004

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There is limited information about long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults. Giving the potentially negative impact in physical, social, and emotional aspects of an ischemic stroke in young people, providing early accurate long-term prognostic information is very important in this clinical setting. Moreover, detection of factors associated with bad outcomes (death, recurrence, moderate-to-severe disability) help physicians in optimizing secondary prevention strategies. The present paper reviews the most relevant published information concerning long-term prognosis and predictors of unfavorable outcomes of ischemic stroke affecting young adults. As a summary, we can conclude that, in the long term, stroke in the young adult increases slightly the risk of mortality, implies higher risk of future cardiovascular events, and determines functional limitations in a significant percentage of patients. Nevertheless, in every individual case the prognosis has to be considered depending on several factors (stroke subtype, initial severity, cardiovascular risk factors) that determine the long-term outcomes.

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“…Stroke associated with migraine, stroke due to extracranial artery dissection, and patients with an unknown etiology have been associated with lower risk of recurrence [2,12,13,20,32,33].…”

Section: Recurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults

et al. 2004

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“…Nine studies reported marital problems after stroke, including separation or divorce. 3,46,52,[62][63][64][65]76,85 Six of these reported that marital problems were a direct consequence of the stroke. 46,52,62,65,76,85 One study reported that 5% of the sample had experienced deterioration in the spousal relationship, 65 whereas another found that 38% of couples had experienced conflict since the stroke.…”

Section: Family Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are the Social Consequences of Stroke for Working-Aged Adults?

Daniel

Wolfe

Busch

et al. 2009

Stroke

284

218

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Background and Purpose-Approximately one fourth of strokes occur in people aged Ͻ65 years. UK current policy calls for services that meet the specific needs of working-aged adults with stroke. We aimed to identify the social consequences of stroke in working-aged adults, which might subsequently inform the development and evaluation of services for this group. Methods-We reviewed quantitative and qualitative studies identifying social consequences for working-aged adults with stroke using multiple search strategies (electronic databases, bibliographic references, hand searches). Social consequences were defined as those pertaining to the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domain "participation." Two authors reviewed articles using a standardized matrix for data extraction. Results-Seventy-eight studies were included: 66 were quantitative observational studies, 2 were quantitative interventional studies, 9 were qualitative studies, and one used mixed methods. Seventy studies reported data on return to work after stroke with proportions ranging from 0% to 100%. Other categories of social consequences included negative impact on family relationships (5% to 54%), deterioration in sexual life (5% to 76%), economic difficulties (24% to 33%), and deterioration in leisure activities (15% to 79%). Conclusions-Methodological variations account for the wide range of rates of return to work after stroke. There is limited evidence of the negative impact of stroke on other aspects of social participation. Robust estimates of the prevalence of such outcomes are required to inform the development of appropriate interventions. We propose strategies by which methodology and reporting in this field might be improved. (Stroke. 2009;40:e431-e440.)

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“…6 Hypertension was defined as treatment with antihypertensive drugs before stroke onset or the introduction of antihypertensive treatment before discharge. Diabetes mellitus was considered present if it was diagnosed before stroke onset (patient on glucose-lowering diet or medication) or during the hospital stay (fasting plasma glucose Ͼ7.7 mmol/L).…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Young Adults With Ischemic Stroke on Long-Term Follow-Up

Næss

Waje‐Andreassen

Thomassen

et al. 2006

Stroke

184

139

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Background and Purpose— We sought to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young adults with ischemic stroke on long-term follow-up with controls and to evaluate HRQoL in clinically relevant patient subgroups. Methods— HRQoL was determined with the use of the 8 subscales of the Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36). Subgroups of patients were defined by sex, age, functional status (modified Rankin Scale), marital status, education, depression (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale), and fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale). SF-36 scores among patients were compared with SF-36 scores among age- and sex-matched controls and SF-36 scores available from the general Norwegian population. Results— SF-36 scores were obtained after a mean follow-up of 6.0 years among 190 young adults with ischemic stroke during 1988–1997 and among 215 responding controls (55%). The difference in HRQoL between patients, controls, and the general Norwegian population was restricted mainly to the 3 subscales physical functioning, general health, and social functioning ( P <0.001). Subgroup analysis showed significantly reduced scores for all SF-36 items among patients who were depressed, suffered from fatigue, or unemployed. Linear regression analysis showed that fatigue and depression were major independent variables correlated with low HRQoL. Conclusions— Compared with controls and the general Norwegian population, low level of HRQoL among young adults with ischemic stroke was most pronounced in regard to physical functioning. Early identification and treatment of depression, fatigue, and physical disability may potentially improve HRQoL among stroke patients.

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The Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Cited by 43 publications

References 5 publications

Long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults

Long-term prognosis of ischemic stroke in young adults

What Are the Social Consequences of Stroke for Working-Aged Adults?

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Young Adults With Ischemic Stroke on Long-Term Follow-Up

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