The Prognosis of Urinary Infections in Childhood

The Sex Variable in Childhood Urinary‐tract Infection

“…It might be unexpected, then, to find the average number of readmissions to be higher in boys. As the difference was only partly accounted for by the higher frequency of malformations, it may be that the disease is more severe in boys than in girls (9,16). In this series, the higher seventy of the disease in boys may be indicated by their higher mean number of rehospitalizations, rate of referral to other hospitals, and rate of surgical intervention.…”

Problems in the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection

“…Follow-up studies in children have shown that after urinary tract infection progression to irreversible chronic pyelonephritis by early adult life occurs in a substantial proportion of cases (Woodruff and Everett 1954;Macauley and Sutton 1957). Similarly, followup studies in women who had an attack of pyelonephritis seventeen years previously, which in many cases was before specific antibacterial therapy was available, also show the same.…”

Pyelonephritis in Children

“…Some 80-95%/, of treated primary infections are "cured" (when defined as free from bacteriuria six weeks after cessation of treatment), but about half of these have further periods of infection (Macaulay and Sutton, 1957;Lancet, 1963). Recurrences seem more common in older children than in infants (Burke, 1961) and especially so in girls of the six to ten age group (Williams and Sturdy, 1961).…”

“…Whatever its ultimate results, chronic urinary infection is difficult to eradicate. With chemotherapy the prognosis is still depressing (Macaulay and Sutton, 1957). Uncomplicated primary infections treated continuously for up to two years still show a 7% relapse rate afterwards (Campanacci, Bonomini and Zuchelli, 1963).…”