The prognostic value of domain-specific cognitive abilities in acute first-ever stroke

Nys, G.M.S.; Zandvoort, M.J.E. van; Kort, Paul L.M. de; Worp, H. Bart van der; Jansen, B.P.W.; Algra, Ale; Haan, E.H.F. de; Kappelle, L. Jaap

doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000152984.28420.5a

Cited by 294 publications

(299 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The controls were either spouses or family of patients, or volunteers who came to our attention through advertising in newspapers or by word of mouth. Control subjects were carefully matched to the stroke patients with respect to age, education, and gender [9].…”

Section: ■ Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, demographic factors were recorded, i. e. age, sex, and level of education (scored with 7 categories ranging from 1: did not finish primary school to 7: university degree, and dichotomised at the median) [9].…”

Section: ■ Baseline Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The examination comprised 7 cognitive domains [9,13]: (1) . The procedure of administering multiple neuropsychological tasks within one cognitive domain allowed us to transform raw test scores of patients on individual tasks into compound z-scores based on the means and standard deviations of the control group.…”

Section: ■ Baseline Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The procedure of administering multiple neuropsychological tasks within one cognitive domain allowed us to transform raw test scores of patients on individual tasks into compound z-scores based on the means and standard deviations of the control group. Subsequently, we averaged z-scores of tasks belonging to the same cognitive domain [9]. Cut-off scores for cognitive impairment within each domain were determined by a performance that differed from the control mean at the 0.05 level of significance (zscore < -1.65) [13].…”

Section: ■ Baseline Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cognitive impairment is known to be strongly associated with an adverse functional outcome [9] and with post-stroke dementia [10]. Therefore, it is useful to evaluate whether rt-PA treatment might reduce the prevalence of cognitive impairment after stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive and functional outcome after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment in patients with a first symptomatic brain infarct

Nys

Zandvoort

Algra³

et al. 2005

J Neurol

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Section: ■ Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Baseline Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Baseline Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Baseline Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cognitive and functional outcome after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment in patients with a first symptomatic brain infarct

Nys

Zandvoort

Algra³

et al. 2005

J Neurol

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Profiles of Cognitive Functioning at 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury Among Patients in Level I Trauma Centers

Bryant,

Rose,

Temkin

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceCognitive dysfunction is common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), with a well-established dose-response relationship between TBI severity and likelihood or magnitude of persistent cognitive impairment. However, patterns of cognitive dysfunction in the long-term (eg, 6-month) recovery period are less well known.ObjectiveTo characterize the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction within and across cognitive domains (processing speed, memory, and executive functioning) 6 months after injury in patients with TBI seen at level I trauma centers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective longitudinal cohort study used data from Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) and included patients aged 17 years or older presenting at 18 US level I trauma center emergency departments or inpatient units within 24 hours of head injury, control individuals with orthopedic injury recruited from the same centers, and uninjured friend and family controls. Participants were enrolled between March 2, 2014, and July 27, 2018. Data were analyzed from March 5, 2020, through October 3, 2023.ExposuresTraumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3-15) or orthopedic injury.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPerformance on standard neuropsychological tests, including premorbid cognitive ability (National Institutes of Health Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test), verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test), processing speed (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale [4th edition] Processing Speed Index), and executive functioning (Trail Making Test).ResultsThe sample included 1057 persons with TBI (mean [SD] age, 39.3 [16.4] years; 705 [67%] male) and 327 controls without TBI (mean [SD] age, 38.4 [15.1] years; 222 [68%] male). Most persons with TBI demonstrated performance within 1.5 SDs or better of the control group (49.3% [95% CI, 39.5%-59.2%] to 67.5% [95% CI, 63.7%-71.2%] showed no evidence of impairment). Similarly, 64.4% (95% CI, 54.5%-73.4%) to 78.8% (95% CI, 75.4%-81.9%) of participants demonstrated no evidence of cognitive decline (defined as performance within 1.5 SDs of estimated premorbid ability). For individuals with evidence of either cognitive impairment or decline, diverse profiles of impairment across memory, speed, and executive functioning domains were observed (ie, the prevalence was &gt;0 in each of the 7 combinations of impairment across these 3 cognitive domains for most TBI subgroups).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients seen at level I trauma centers 6 months after TBI, many patients with TBI demonstrated no cognitive impairment. Impairment was more prevalent in persons with more severe TBI and manifested in variable ways across individuals. The findings may guide future research and treatment recommendations.

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A practical approach to the management of stroke and transient ischemic attack

Worp

Dennis

2019

Warlow's Stroke

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The prognostic value of domain-specific cognitive abilities in acute first-ever stroke

Abstract: Domain-specific cognitive abilities in the early phase of stroke are excellent independent predictors of long-term cognitive and functional outcome.

Cited by 294 publications

References 45 publications

Cognitive and functional outcome after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment in patients with a first symptomatic brain infarct

Cognitive and functional outcome after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment in patients with a first symptomatic brain infarct

Profiles of Cognitive Functioning at 6 Months After Traumatic Brain Injury Among Patients in Level I Trauma Centers

A practical approach to the management of stroke and transient ischemic attack

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