The prognostic value of testicular microlithiasis as an incidental finding for the risk of testicular malignancy in children and the adult population: A systematic review. On behalf of the EAU pediatric urology guidelines panel

Hoen, Lisette A. ’t; Bhatt, Nikita; Radmayr, Christian; Doğan, Hasan Serkan; Nijman, Rien J.M.; Quaedackers, Josine; Rawashdeh, Yazan F.; Sılay, Mesrur Selçuk; Tekgül, Serdar; Stein, Raimund; Bogaert, Guy

doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.06.013

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, consensus on monitoring strategies in these patients is lacking. A recent systematic review of the literature including the follow-up of 595 children [81] showed that only one child with testicular microlithiasis exhibited testicular neoplasia during puberty. This observation suggests that testicular microlithiasis in children may be a common incidental finding on US with no clear association with testicular malignancy.…”

Section: Monitoring Children With Risk Factors For Testicular Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Pediatric Testicular and Para-Testicular Tumors: A Pictural Review

Hermann

L’Herminé-Coulomb

Irtan

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Pre- and post-pubertal testicular tumors are two distinct entities in terms of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Most pre-pubertal tumors are benign; the most frequent are teratomas, and the most common malignant tumors are yolk-sac tumors. Post-pubertal tumors are similar to those found in adults and are more likely to be malignant. Imaging plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up. The appearance on ultrasonography (US) is especially helpful to differentiate benign lesions that could be candidates for testis-sparing surgery from malignant ones that require radical orchidectomy. Some specific imaging patterns are described for benign lesions: epidermoid cysts, mature cystic teratomas and Leydig-cell tumors. Benign tumors tend to be well-circumscribed, with decreased Doppler flow on US, but malignancy should be suspected when US shows an inhomogeneous, not-well-described lesion with internal blood flow. Imaging features should always be interpreted in combination with clinical and biological data including serum levels of tumor markers and even intra-operative frozen sections in case of conservative surgery to raise any concerns of malignity. This review provides an overview of imaging features of the most frequent testicular and para-testicular tumor types in children and the value of imaging in disease staging and monitoring children with testicular tumors or risk factors for testicular tumors.

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Section: Monitoring Children With Risk Factors For Testicular Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Pediatric Testicular and Para-Testicular Tumors: A Pictural Review

Hermann

L’Herminé-Coulomb

Irtan

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…TM is relevant in the presence of a testicular tumor since this finding is usually encountered inside or in the periphery of the tumor [7]. In the pediatric population, microlithiasis in a radiologic result does not seem to be associated with testicular malignancy; in the case of teenagers with microlithiasis and risk factors, a monthly self-examination is recommended [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Testicular Microlithiasis and Histological Subtype in Testicular Cancer

Gonzaga-Carlos¹,

Virgen-Gutierrez²,

Angulo-Lozano³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundThere is a clear association between testicular cancer and microlithiasis when there are predisposing risk factors such as the history of germ cell tumors in first-degree relatives, testicular atrophy, Klinefelter's syndrome, and cryptorchidism. This study aimed to establish an association between microlithiasis and the histological subtype of testicular cancer by analyzing data on Hispanic population. MethodsA retrospective cohort, longitudinal, comparative, and analytic study was conducted on patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary testicular cancer. The testicular ultrasounds were checked before any surgical treatment to find microlithiasis. We performed a binary logistic regression to establish an association between microlithiasis and the type of testicular cancer. ResultsA total of 130 clinical files were analyzed. Binary logistic regression showed no association between testicular microlithiasis and the subtype of testicular cancer (p = 0.438, 95% CI: 0.80-1.64). The result of the Pearson chi-square test showed no association (p = 0.184). We also analyzed the association between age and microlithiasis using the one-way ANOVA test (p = 0.82) and the association between age and the dichotomic subtype of testicular cancer (seminomatous and non-seminomatous) using the ANOVA one-way test, which showed no significant association in age and testicular cancer subtype (p = 0.178). ConclusionsThere was no association between testicular microlithiasis and the histological subtype of testicular cancer in our study. As mentioned before, we recommend conducting a more extensive study to provide further scientific evidence to establish a reliable association between microlithiasis and the subtype of testicular cancer since there is a discrepancy in the results of our study with the information previously reported. We encourage the study of characterization of risk factors among ethnic groups as this field has not been explored yet.

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Conservative management of gynecomastia in Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome: Case series and review of the literature

Skafida,

Duvall,

Zelley

et al. 2024

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a childhood‐onset cancer predisposition syndrome that is associated with oral freckling and gastrointestinal polyposis. Male patients with PJS are at risk for large‐cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors in childhood. These tumors are estrogen‐producing and can cause symptoms of precocious puberty, gynecomastia, and growth acceleration. Here we discuss our experience with spontaneous resolution or stabilization of breast enlargement without medical intervention in three patients with PJS and gynecomastia. These cases indicate that a watchful waiting approach can be considered in the management of gynecomastia in male children with PJS.

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The prognostic value of testicular microlithiasis as an incidental finding for the risk of testicular malignancy in children and the adult population: A systematic review. On behalf of the EAU pediatric urology guidelines panel

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Imaging of Pediatric Testicular and Para-Testicular Tumors: A Pictural Review

Imaging of Pediatric Testicular and Para-Testicular Tumors: A Pictural Review

Association Between Testicular Microlithiasis and Histological Subtype in Testicular Cancer

Conservative management of gynecomastia in Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome: Case series and review of the literature

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