The Proinflammatory Interleukin-21 Elicits Anti-Tumor Response and Mediates Autoimmunity

Castellani, M.L.; Salini, Vincenzo; Frydas, S.; Donelan, Jill; Tagen, Michael; Madhappan, B; Petrarca, Claudia; Falasca, Katia; Neri, G; Tetè, Stefano; Vecchiet, Jacopo

doi:10.1177/039463200601900201

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…We have recently demonstrated that cytokines, such as ILIa and TNF-a, are able to upregulate C3 and uPA mRNA and are able to mediate the local immune response and acantholysis in an in vitro system (50)(51). Cytokines are able to mediate autoimmunity (64) and mediate the inflammatory response in other autoimmune bullous disorders (65). We also demonstrated that phenol drugs and tannins induce ex vivo biochemical acantholysis (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic Acid Induces in vitro Acantholysis of Keratinocytes via IL-1α and TNF-α

Feliciani

Ruocco

Zampetti

et al. 2007

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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The mechanism of acantholysis in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an intriguing argument since several chemical mediators are implicated. We previously reported a central role for IL-la and TNF-a, both able to regulate complement activation and plasminogen activators. Very little is known about what triggers the disease (drugs, viruses or food). In this study, we evaluate the molecular role of tannins in acantholysis. By HPLC chromatography we measured tannic acid (TA) and gallic acid (GA) in blister fluid of 4 groups of patients divided according to their dietary habits, including a regular diet, a diet rich in tannins, a diet free of tannins, and a group of pemphigus patients. Blister fluid was obtained from patients using a suction blister apparatus. We show that people with a diet rich in tannins have increased tannin metabolites (TA and GA) in the skin in respect to controls (tannin-rich diet: GA = 194.52±2.39 nmol/ml; TA = 348.28±1.4 nmol/ml versus tannin-Mediterranean diet: GA = 15.28±1.63 nmol/ml; TA = 22.81±1.68 nmol/ml). PV patients showed similar values to the Mediterranean diet population (PV patients: GA = 95.8±1.97 nmol/ml; TA = 199.09±4.15 nmol/ml versus Mediterranean diet: GA = 83.53±2.35 nmol/ml; TA = 195.1±2.50 nmol/ml). In an in vitro acantholysis system using TA and PVIgG we show that TA 0.1 mM in NHEK culture is able to induce acantholysis. This effect was able to amplify the acantholytic action of PV-IgG in vitro. A blocking study using anti IL-la and anti TNF-a antibodies showed a reduction in TA-induced acantholysis. Taken together, these results suggest that a diet rich in tannins could be a trigger in genetically predisposed patients. If these data are confirmed, a complementary diet poor in tannins may be useful in patients affected by PV.Immunoglobulin-G deposition on desmoglein (Dsg) protein 3, and sometimes Dsg-l, is the main diagnostic criterion for pemphigus vulgaris (PV), and IgG-Dsg linkage is the most important phase in the development of this bullous disease. To date, we do not know which may be the triggering factors able to induce acantholysis in pemphigus.Acantholysis is a morpho functional change of malpighian epithelia which results in the loss of intercellular cohesion and brings cell keratinization to a standstill. Although acantholytic changes may be seen in numerous heterogeneous clinical conditions, the pemphigus group is the mucocutaneous disorder where acantholysis may be considered the histologic

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic Acid Induces in vitro Acantholysis of Keratinocytes via IL-1α and TNF-α

Feliciani

Ruocco

Zampetti

et al. 2007

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…Tissue engineering may provide an alternative to organ and tissue transplantation, [1][2][3][4][5] producing tissue replacements that can restore the structural features and physiological functions of natural tissues in vivo. Bone regeneration by autologous cell transplantation in combination with a biodegradable scaffold is one of the most promising techniques being developed in craniofacial surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tridimensional Response of human Dental Follicular Stem Cells onto a Synthetic Hydroxyapatite Scaffold

Mastrangelo

Nargi

Carone

et al. 2008

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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In the last decade, extracorporeal bone tissue engineering has found more clinical applications due to the progress and new achievements in the isolation and characterization of stem cells from different sources, as well as, in controlling proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro behaviour, morphological structure and extracellular matrix synthesis of human dental follicle stem cells (hDFSCs) isolated from human dental bud, when seeded onto a synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold (ENGIpore c ). Populations of CD29+, CD90+, CD146+ and CD166+ were sorted by FAC sorter (FACS) analysis and were cultured in osteogenic medium and then, onto the scaffold. These cells were analyzed by optical and electronic microscopy, at week 1 and 6, before and after the differentiation. Light microscopy showed an intense attachment and colonization of the HA scaffold by polygonal-shaped cells. Scanning electron microscopy after six weeks revealed a tri-dimensional organization of the cells and the presence of dense material around the cell clusters. hDFSCs showed participation in protein biosynthesis and demonstrated high proliferation on the synthetic HA scaffold.

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“…In parasites like T. gondii -an intracellular protozoon -Khan and others (35)(36)(37)(38) analyzed the host response of mice deficient in the chemokine receptor CCR5 following infection with the parasite. They found that CCR5 controls recruitment of NK cells into infected tissue.…”

Section: Nk Cells and Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without this influx of NK cells, tissues from CCR5-defi-cient (CCR5 -) mice were less able to generate an inflammatory response, had decreased chemokine and interferon-γ production, and a higher parasite burden. Adoptive transfer of CCR5 + / + NK cells into CCR5 -/ -mice restored their ability to survive lethal T. gondii infection, and demonstrated that CCR5 is required for NK cell homing into infected liver and spleen (35)(36)(37)(38). Recently, we found that BALB/c mice infected with E. granulosus respond by producing serum MCP-1 as early as 10 days post infection and we determined the serum MCP-1 and MIP-2 levels as indicators for the inflammatory process (39)(40)(41)(42).…”

Section: Nk Cells and Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%