The promoter of the classical MHC class I locus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Expression of MHC class I pathway genes in response to infectious salmon anaemia virus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) cells

“…Exceptions were the absence of TATA and X1 boxes. The latter was also reported lacking in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) class I promoter [23]. …”

“…An alignment to the Onmy-UBA*501 promoter showed a relatively high sequence homology (70%) in a 110 bp region encompassing all the regulatory motifs from the trout TATA box to the ISRE element. This trout promoter has also shown to be highly expressed and inducible by viral infection [23,38]. Thus, although being a common transcription element in most eukaryotic genes, the lack of TATA element in the salmon class I promoter does not seem to affect its functional properties.…”

“…The presence of ISRE, IRF and several GAAA motifs in the Sasa-UBA promoter indicate activation by interferons. The ISRE sequence confers activation by IFN-a/b through the ISGF-3 complex and has the same position as in the rainbow trout promoter [23]. Unlike mammalian class I promoters, two perfect GAS elements were found in the salmon promoter.…”

The β2-Microglobulin Locus of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Contains Three Polymorphic Genes

“…A 10 -11 bp deletion is seen between the X2 and Y motifs of both of the trout and the zebrafish sequences. The S-X-Y motif within the proximal promoter of the Onmy-UBA gene does not have this deletion (27) suggesting it arose in the promoter of ␤ 2 m early in fish evolution. Because the proximal promoters of the two trout ␤ 2 m genes carry similar motifs, it is likely that the genes have some similarities in their regulation.…”

Expression regulation and functional characterization of a novel interferon inducible gene Gig2 and its promoter

“…IFN-␥ molecules follow a similar pathway, but in this case, two STAT1 molecules dimerize to form a homodimer and bind to specific ␥-IFN activating sites (GAS) present in the promoters of IFN-␥ inducible genes (Platanias, 2005). Some fish ISGs have been verified to have typical ISRE motifs in their promoters, such as Mx (Altmann et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2006;Collet and Secombes, 2001;Ooi et al, 2006;Plant and Thune, 2008;Yap et al, 2003), IRFs (Collet et al, 2003;Collet and Secombes, 2002;Jia and Guo, 2008), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes (Dijkstra et al, 2003;Jorgensen et al, 2006), vig-2 (Boudinot et al, 2001), and ISG15 (Seppola et al, 2007), suggesting the existence of type I IFN inducible pathways in fish. Functional analysis showed that fish Mx promoters possess one or two ISRE motifs that appear necessary for its transcriptional regulation under exposure of Poly I:C (Ooi et al, 2006;Yap et al, 2003).…”