The promotion mechanism of prebiotics for probiotics: A review

Abstract

Prebiotics and probiotics play a positive role in promoting human nutrition and health. Prebiotics are compounds that cannot be digested by the host, but can be used and fermented by probiotics, so as to promote the reproduction and metabolism of intestinal probiotics for the health of body. It has been confirmed that probiotics have clinical or health care functions in preventing or controlling intestinal, respiratory, and urogenital infections, allergic reaction, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and other aspects. However, there are few systematic summaries of these types, mechanisms of action and the promotion relationship between prebiotics and probiotic. Therefore, we summarized the various types of prebiotics and probiotics, their individual action mechanisms, and the mechanism of prebiotics promoting probiotics in the intestinal tract. It is hoped this review can provide new ideas for the application of prebiotics and probiotics in the future.

Extracellular Vesicles of Probiotics: Shedding Light on the Biological Activity and Future Applications

“…For time immemorial, the proper functioning of the human body has become a leading topic undertaken by scientists [ 1 ]. It quickly became clear that there is a very strong relationship between human health and its resident microbiota [ 2 , 3 ].…”

“…It quickly became clear that there is a very strong relationship between human health and its resident microbiota [ 2 , 3 ]. As a resultant, the idea of using probiotics was created, i.e., live microorganisms that, when administered in the proper dose, have a beneficial effect on the host [ 1 , 4 ]. One of the first well-documented example of the usefulness of probiotics dates back to 1907, from the observations made by Elie Metchnikoff, who showed the existence of a positive correlation between the consumption of fermented food containing probiotics and the lifespan of the Bulgarian population [ 1 ].…”

“…As a resultant, the idea of using probiotics was created, i.e., live microorganisms that, when administered in the proper dose, have a beneficial effect on the host [ 1 , 4 ]. One of the first well-documented example of the usefulness of probiotics dates back to 1907, from the observations made by Elie Metchnikoff, who showed the existence of a positive correlation between the consumption of fermented food containing probiotics and the lifespan of the Bulgarian population [ 1 ]. This was the starting point for further observations of health-benefiting properties of this microbial group and the development of a powerful trend of research on probiotics in the following years [ 1 , 5 ].…”

“…One of the first well-documented example of the usefulness of probiotics dates back to 1907, from the observations made by Elie Metchnikoff, who showed the existence of a positive correlation between the consumption of fermented food containing probiotics and the lifespan of the Bulgarian population [ 1 ]. This was the starting point for further observations of health-benefiting properties of this microbial group and the development of a powerful trend of research on probiotics in the following years [ 1 , 5 ]. After several decades of experiments, a striking impact of probiotics on the human body has been documented, including maintaining the physiological balance of microbiota, regulating the functioning of the immune system, enhancing the digestive properties of the host, and preventing or alleviating the course of many diseases [ 1 , 5 , 6 ].…”

“…This was the starting point for further observations of health-benefiting properties of this microbial group and the development of a powerful trend of research on probiotics in the following years [ 1 , 5 ]. After several decades of experiments, a striking impact of probiotics on the human body has been documented, including maintaining the physiological balance of microbiota, regulating the functioning of the immune system, enhancing the digestive properties of the host, and preventing or alleviating the course of many diseases [ 1 , 5 , 6 ]. The growing awareness of the benefits of probiotics has contributed to the exponential growth of commercial products containing these microorganisms [ 4 ].…”