The propensity of individuals to deposit DNA and secondary transfer of low level DNA from individuals to inert surfaces

Lowe, Alex L; Murray, CS; Whitaker, Jonathan; Tully, Gillian; Gill, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00207-4

Cited by 316 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As demonstrated in this study and reported by other authors [22,23] there was no significant difference between the amount of DNA deposited by male and female contributors.…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

Typeability of DNA in Touch Traces Deposited on Paper and Optical Data Discs

Sołtyszewski¹,

Szeremeta²,

Skawrońska³

et al. 2015

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. Nucleated epithelial cells that are transferred by casual touching and handling of objects are the primary source of biological evidence that is found in high-volume crimes. Cellular material associated with touch traces usually contains low levels of DNA template making it challenging to acquire an informative profile. Objectives. The main purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of DNA typing in fingerprints deposited on optical data discs and the office paper. Material and Methods. Latent fingerprints were made by 60 subjects of both sexes (30 males and 30 females). A highly effective DNA extraction method with QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) and an increased sensitivity PCR by AmpFlSTR ® NGM ™ Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems) carried out at standard 30 cycles and at increased 34 cycles were used. Results. The mean value of total DNA recovery was 0.4 ng from CDs/DVDs and 0.3 ng from the office paper. Amplification of Low Template DNA (LT-DNA) resulted in improved analytical success by increasing the number of PCR cycles from standard 30 to 34. On the other hand, the increased PCR cycles resulted in allele drop-ins showing additional peaks, the majority of which were outside the stutter positions. Conclusions. Rigorous procedures and interpretation guidelines are required during LT-DNA for producing reliable and reproducible DNA profiles for forensic purposes (Adv Clin Exp Med 2015, 24, 3, 437-440).

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“…As demonstrated in this study and reported by other authors [22,23] there was no significant difference between the amount of DNA deposited by male and female contributors.…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

Typeability of DNA in Touch Traces Deposited on Paper and Optical Data Discs

Sołtyszewski¹,

Szeremeta²,

Skawrońska³

et al. 2015

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…Raymond et al [23] showed that women left more DNA than men, but the difference between them was not statistically significant. On the contrary, Lowe et al [13] found that there was no male-versus-female bias in determining the shedder status of an individual, and results were not statistically significant. Furthermore, a recent study conducted by Daly et al [10], which included 300 participants, showed no statistically significant difference in concentration of trace DNA left by men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, the exact cause of this difference is still an open question [13]. This suggests that classification of people as good or bad shedders is more difficult than had been thought before.…”

Section: Forensic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a trace DNA sample may be defined as any sample which falls below recommended thresholds at any stage of the analysis, from its detection to further analysis and, finally, DNA profiling [7]. DNA can be transferred from palms to an item that someone had held or just touched, even after a short, single skin contact with the item [10][11][12][13][14]. Moreover, it is possible to transfer trace DNA onto a primary surface by palm abrasion and sweating [15].…”

Section: Forensic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Donor Age, Gender and Handling Time on the DNA Concentration Left on Different Surfaces

Gršković¹,

Markulin²,

Zidkova³

et al. 2014

Int J Biomed

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Background: We analyzed the correlation between several factors (donor age and gender, and handling time) and trace DNA concentration that participants left on different surfaces (paper, plastic, plastic coated metal) while holding items in their hands or rubbing them with their fingers, their palms, and the side of the palm of the dominant hand.Material and Methods: Sixty participants took part in the study. Items were swabbed with a moistened cotton swab. DNA was isolated using the Chelex procedure and quantified by real-time PCR.Results: We found that DNA concentration transferred to an item was independent of the handling time. On the contrary, it was dependent on the item's texture; the greatest concentration was left on plastic coated metal and the least on paper. The greatest concentration of trace DNA was left by participants from 35 to 44 years of age. Results of the study showed that men deposit a higher DNA concentration than do women.Conclusion: Item texture, donor age, and gender influence trace DNA concentration. Further investigations are necessary to fully understand the process of DNA transfer from donors to handled items.

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“…If a good shedder shook hands with a bad shedder, and the bad shedder subsequently touched an object, the good shedders DNA could be transferred -"The full DNA profile of one individual was recovered from an item that they had not touched while the profile of the person having contact with that item was not observed" (Lowe et al, 2002).…”

Section: Dna Evidence and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA dataveillance: protecting the innocent?

Salmasi

Gillam

2010

Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society

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Purpose-This paper discusses the National DNA Database (NDNAD) and some of the controversies surrounding it with reference to legal and ethical issues, focusing particularly on privacy and human rights. Governance of this database involves specific exemptions from the Data Protection Act (DPA), and this gives a rise to concerns regarding both the extent of surveillance on the UK population, and the possibility for harm to all citizens. This is of wider importance since every current citizen, and everybody who visits the UK, could become a record in the DNA database. Principally, we explore whether these exemptions would also imply exemptions for software developers from codes of practice and ethics of their professional societies as relate to constructing or maintaining such data and the database.Design/methodology/approach-We make a comparison between the principles of the DPA, as would need to be followed by all other organizations handling personal data, professional responsibilities based codes of ethics of professional societies, and the current reality as reported in relation to the NDNAD and the exemptions offered through the DPA.Findings-Primarily, if NDNAD were not exempted from certain provisions in the DPA, the potential for the kinds of data leakages and other mishandlings could largely be avoided without the need for further considerations over so-called "data minimization". We see how the lack of afforded protection allows for a wide range of issues as relate at least to privacy.Originality/value-This paper provides the first evaluation of the combination of law, codes of ethics and activities in the real world as related to NDNAD, with concomitant considerations for privacy, liberty and human rights. Originality is demonstrated through consideration of the implications of certain exemptions in the DPA in relation to crime and taxation and national security, and in relating the expected protections for personal data to widely reported evidence that such protections may be variously lacking. In addition, we provide a broad overview of controversies over certain newer kinds of DNA analysis, and other relatively recent findings, that seem generally absent from the vast majority of debates over this kind of analysis.

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The propensity of individuals to deposit DNA and secondary transfer of low level DNA from individuals to inert surfaces

Cited by 316 publications

References 12 publications

Typeability of DNA in Touch Traces Deposited on Paper and Optical Data Discs

Typeability of DNA in Touch Traces Deposited on Paper and Optical Data Discs

Impact of Donor Age, Gender and Handling Time on the DNA Concentration Left on Different Surfaces

DNA dataveillance: protecting the innocent?

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