The properties of gamma-radiation and high-energy neutron fluxes in “MIR” station orbit

Variations of the flux and the energy spectrum of neutrons born in the galactic cosmic ray proton interactions with the matter of Earth's satellites and orbital stations

“…For neutron and gamma-quantum separation Pulse Shape Discrimination was used. More detailed instrument description for the orbital complex and the CORONAS-I satellite is given by Bogomolov et al (1998) and for the MIR station-by Bogomolov et al (2002). As it can be seen from the figure, the spectrum calculated for the SPEKTR module of the MIR orbital station agrees with the spectrum as measured on the orbital complex, whereas the neutron fluxes as reconstructed from the data of the measurements taken on the MIR station are substantially higher.…”

Vacuum nonlinear electrodynamic polarization effects in hard emission of pulsars and magnetars

“…It can be explained by the energy spectrum of intrinsic background being extremely hard, (see, for ex. [66]) in presentation E J it can even grow with energy. Of course, the intrinsic background depends strongly on the spacecraft mass, which should be as low as possible, but such energy dependence of the intrinsic background intensity is valid for satellites.…”

A Prototype of a Neutron and γ-Ray Spectrometer for Studying Solar Activity at Distances of 0.5 Astronomical Units to 25 Solar Radii

“…These particles can be recognized on the basis of their pulse shapes. In a number of space-based instruments that detected neutrons by nuclear reactions in CsI (e.g., the SONG [11,13] and NEGA-1 [14]), neutrons were identified using the dependence of the pulse shape in CsI on the average ionization [15]. (The secondary products of neutron interactions have a higher ionization.)…”

“…The multichannel analyzers and digital electronic units, all of which were similar to those required for our instrument, had already been employed in space-based equipment [8,10,11,13,14].…”