The Proposed CO2 Test Injection Project in South Africa

Vincent, C.J.; Hicks, Nigel; Arenstein, G.; Tippmann, Robert; Spuy, D. Van Der; Viljoen, J.H.A.; Davids, Sean; Roos, Martin; Cloete, M.; Beck, Brendan; Nell, L.; Arts, Rob; Holloway, S.; Surridge, Tony; Pearce, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.579

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Hence, in the future, more in-depth assessments of the country's effective and matched storage potentials are required, as is already being undertaken for selected basins [13,[15][16][17]. Based on such assessments, an optimization model could be applied [1,2] to identify cost-optimal sites for CCS power plants, taking into account the transportation costs of electricity, coal, the separated CO 2 emissions and even cooling water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These scenarios mainly differ in the efficiency factors they use for the saline aquifer assessment. In addition to the originally applied efficiency factor of 10%, calculations also include efficiency factors of 4% and 1% as recommended by [30,31] and moreover already in use for the scheduled CO 2 test injection field [13]. The choice of efficiencies expresses different levels of uncertainty-the smaller the value, the more cautious and conservative the estimate is.…”

Section: An Analysis Of Storage Potential For South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2011, [10,11] explored the challenges of CCS with a direct focus on South Africa; [12] provided a comprehensive policy analysis of CCS in South Africa, India and Brazil from an environmental, economic and social perspective. In 2013, [13] provided insights into the proposed CO 2 test injection project. [14] evaluated the costs and GHG emissions of selected coal-based power plants and fuel production facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

2015

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This article presents an integrated assessment conducted in order to explore whether carbon capture and storage (CCS) could be a viable technological option for significantly reducing future CO 2 emissions in South Africa. The methodological approach covers a commercial availability analysis, an analysis of the long-term usable CO 2 storage potential (based on storage capacity assessment, energy scenario analysis and source-sink matching), an economic and ecological assessment and a stakeholder analysis. The findings show, that a reliable storage capacity assessment is needed, since only rough figures concerning the effective capacity currently exist. Further constraints on the fast deployment of CCS may be the delayed commercial availability of CCS, significant barriers to increasing the economic viability of CCS, an expected net maximum reduction rate of the power plant's greenhouse gas emissions of 67%-72%, an increase in other environmental and social impacts, and low public awareness of CCS. One precondition for opting for CCS would be to find robust solutions to these constraints, taking into account that CCS could potentially conflict with other important policy objectives, such as affordable electricity rates to give the whole population access to electricity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Analysis Of Storage Potential For South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

2015

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“…The Council for Geoscience in collaboration with industry partners and government compiled an atlas in 2010 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide in South Africa 2 , which identified possible onshore and offshore repositories within South Africa conforming to the prerequisites for carbon capture and storage. Since the publication of this atlas, research has expanded on three potential storage basins, namely the onshore Zululand and Algoa Basins and the offshore Durban Basin [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] , with academic research into the viability of the offshore Orange Basin currently ongoing. CO 2 capture and storage is globally recognised as one of the key technologies in a suite of emission reduction strategies to combat anthropogenic climate change.…”

Section: Billion For the First Phase Of Financing Through Various Mec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comments on Singh et al. (2022) ‘Marine seismic surveys for hydrocarbon exploration: What’s at stake?’

et al. 2023

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We write this Commentary as a reply to Singh et al.(S Afr J Sci. 118(3/4), Art. #13420). We found that Singh et al.'s article did not adequately cover a rounded viewpoint on the topic, and we highlight a different perspective, calling for a balanced review in this regard. We base our argument on two premises. First, the literature study is incomplete, which creates a misleading perception that nothing is currently being done in South Africa to transition to a low carbon economy. Second, we comment on the statements made on seismic surveys. Herewith, we request that the authors consider a corrigendum that better reflects this research space, and call for more discussion on this topic.

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“…1 ), though these are low emissions in comparison to developed nations, cumulative emissions from the next nine African nations are below it 48 . Preliminary studies have been carried out to identify and estimate the capacities of potential geological CO 2 reservoirs in South Africa 39 , with particular focus on the Zululand basin 49 , Algoa 36 , 50 , and the Bredasdorp basin 51 – 53 , with a pilot CO 2 injection test scheduled for 2023 54 , 55 . These continued inquests into underground carbon storage are a pointer that it will play a big part in the decarbonization of South Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modeling of geological carbon storage in an oil reservoir, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa

Afolayan,

Mackay,

Opuwari

2023

Sci Rep

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Geological carbon storage provides an efficient technology for the large-scale reduction of atmospheric carbon, and the drive for net-zero emissions may necessitate the future usage of oil reservoirs for CO2 projects (without oil production), hence, dynamic modeling of an oil reservoir for CO2 storage in the Bredasdorp basin, South Africa, was therefore conducted. Injection into the reservoir was for 20 years (2030–2050), and 100 years (2050–2150) to study the CO2–brine–oil interactions, with sensitivities carried out on reservoir boundary conditions. The closed boundary scenario experienced pressure buildup with a target injection rate of 0.5 Mt/year, and a cutback on injection rate progressively until 2050 to not exceed the fracture pressure of the reservoir. The CO2 plume migration was not rapid due to the reduced volume of CO2 injected and the confining pressure. The system was gravity dominated, and gravity stability was not attained at the end of the simulation as fluid interfaces were not yet flat. The open boundary reservoir did not experience a pressure buildup because all boundaries were open, the target injection rate was achieved, and it was a viscous-dominated system. In both cases, the dissolution of CO2 in oil and brine was active, and there was a growing increase of CO2 fraction dissolved in water and oil, a decline in gaseous mobile CO2 phase between 2050 and 2150, and active trapping mechanisms were structural trapping, dissolution in oil and water, and residual trapping. The study showed that boundary condition was very crucial to the success of the project, with direct impacts on injection rate and pressure. This pioneering study has opened a vista on the injection of CO2 into an oil reservoir, and CO2–brine–oil interactions, with sensitivities carried out on reservoir boundary conditions in a closed and an open hydrocarbon system in South Africa.

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The Proposed CO2 Test Injection Project in South Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

Integrated Assessment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in South Africa’s Power Sector

Comments on Singh et al. (2022) ‘Marine seismic surveys for hydrocarbon exploration: What’s at stake?’

Dynamic modeling of geological carbon storage in an oil reservoir, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa

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