The Prospect of Duckweed in Pig Nutrition: A Review

Gwaze, Francisca Rumosa; Mwale, Marizvikuru

doi:10.5539/jas.v7n11p189

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…High contents of the essential amino acids lysine and methionine make some duckweed species, such as W. hyalina , an interesting substitute for today’s foremost feed protein source soybean. Gwaze and Mwale [ 11 ] compiled several studies, which tested duckweed in pig nutrition. The replacement of soybean meal by 40% duckweed in the feeding rations of young piglets (0 to 10 days old) led to the highest average daily gain in body weight compared to the control of 100% soybean meal [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Nitrate-N to Ammonium-N Ratio on Relative Growth Rate and Crude Protein Content in the Duckweeds Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina

Petersen

Demann

Restemeyer

et al. 2021

Plants

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In order to produce protein-rich duckweed for human and animal consumption, a stable cultivation process, including an optimal nutrient supply for each species, must be implemented. Modified nutrient media, based on the N-medium for duckweed cultivation, were tested on the relative growth rate (RGR) and crude protein content (CPC) of Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina, as well as the decrease of nitrate-N and ammonium-N in the media. Five different nitrate-N to ammonium-N molar ratios were diluted to 10% and 50% of the original N-medium concentration. The media mainly consisted of agricultural fertilizers. A ratio of 75% nitrate-N and 25% ammonium-N, with a dilution of 50%, yielded the best results for both species. Based on the dry weight (DW), L. minor achieved a RGR of 0.23 ± 0.009 d−1 and a CPC of 37.8 ± 0.42%, while W. hyalina’s maximum RGR was 0.22 ± 0.017 d−1, with a CPC of 43.9 ± 0.34%. The relative protein yield per week and m2 was highest at this ratio and dilution, as well as the ammonium-N decrease in the corresponding medium. These results could be implemented in duckweed research and applications if a high protein content or protein yield is the aim.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Nitrate-N to Ammonium-N Ratio on Relative Growth Rate and Crude Protein Content in the Duckweeds Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina

Petersen

Demann

Restemeyer

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…This feed which has a poorer amino acids balance, reducing N retention, and consequently, increasing N excretion (Lazzari & Baldisserotto, 2008). The protein of duckweed has good balanced amino acid content (Gwaze & Mwale, 2015) and compared with most other plants, duckweed' leaves contain a small quantity of fiber and no indigestible material (Chaturvedi, Langote, & Asolekar, 2003). The proportionally decreased quantity of wheat, corn and soybean meal in the experimental diets containing 10% and 30% duckweed and a higher value of nitrogen excretion in carp from the control diet L0 compared with the other experimental group could be explained with better digestibility and a balanced amino acid profile of the meal made from L. minuta.…”

Section: Hydrochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Sirakov¹,

Velichkova²

2018

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of aquaponically grown duckweed (Lemna minuta) used as part of a biofilter in recirculation aquaculture systems, when its included in the composition (10 and 30% content of daily feed ratio) of sustainable diets on hydrochemical and technological parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) fingerlings cultivated in recirculation aquaponic systems. The inclusion of L. minuta in diets for carp fingerlings influenced the hydrochemical parameters and decreased the quantity of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in water of tanks where carps were fed with feed containing duckweed, but difference was statistically significant only for ammonium (0.087±0.008)(P≤0.05). The carps fed with a diet containing 30% (L30) duckweed of their daily feed ratio showed better survival but similar growth and FCR than fish fed with L0 and differences were not significant (P≥0.05). The lower growth and higher FCR were measured in carps fed with L10 compared to the values of these parameters in carp's fingerlings fed with L0 diet and the differences were significant (P≤0.05). The duckweed presents cheap and easy accessible ingredients for feeding of carp. Furthermore it could be used for treatment of wastewater in recirculating aquaculture systems this way increasing their sustainability.

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“…Least significant differences (LSD) (at p < 0.05) were used to separate the treatment means of the first experiment. Multiple comparisons of means using Tukey's honest significance test were carried out for the second experiment, where the LSD was not appropriate, since the treatments exceeded six (Gomez and Gomez 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of nitrogen uptake and dry matter content of Swiss chard by pre-incubation of duckweeds in soil

Chikuvire

Muchaonyerwa

Zengeni

2019

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Recovery of nutrients from water using duckweed and their reuse has significance in closing the loop on nutrient transfer from anthropogenic sources. This study investigated the effect of rate of application and pre-incubation period of duckweed on biomass and nutrient uptake of Swiss chard (Fordhook giant). Methods Two glasshouse experiments were laid out in randomized complete block designs with three replicates. In the first experiment, Swiss chard was grown on two soils (ferralsol and regosol) amended with Wolffia arrhiza biomass at 0, 50, 100 and 200% of the recommended nitrogen rate. In the second experiment, the same vegetable was grown on the ferralsol amended with W. arrhiza and Lemna minor at recommended nitrogen rate, with pre-incubation periods of 0, 14 and 28 days. Results Application of W. arrhiza biomass increased Swiss chard dry matter by 23-45% compared to the negative control. The positive control (urea at 100 kg N ha −1 rate) had highest Swiss chard biomass. Higher rates than 100 kg N ha −1 had no added benefit on dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake of Swiss chard. Pre-incubation of duckweed for 28 days improved nutrient uptake, resulting in higher dry matter than shorter periods. The Swiss chard dry matter after pre-incubation for 28 days was similar to that from urea application. Conclusion Findings from this study suggest that duckweed is a resource with beneficial use for nutrient supply to vegetables, especially when appropriate rates are used with pre-incubation.

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The Prospect of Duckweed in Pig Nutrition: A Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Influence of the Nitrate-N to Ammonium-N Ratio on Relative Growth Rate and Crude Protein Content in the Duckweeds Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina

Influence of the Nitrate-N to Ammonium-N Ratio on Relative Growth Rate and Crude Protein Content in the Duckweeds Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina

Untitled

Improvement of nitrogen uptake and dry matter content of Swiss chard by pre-incubation of duckweeds in soil

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