The Protected Volume of Airspace Generated by an Airborne Collision Avoidance System

Abstract

The shape, size and orientation of the protected volume of airspace generated by the airborne collision avoidance system currently known as TCAS II are derived. While based on constant-velocity aircraft flight paths the results are shown to have more general application. It is also shown how the essential features of the protected volume may be used to calculate alarm rates for some simple traffic patterns.

Surrounding Space ? The Ontology of Organism-Environment Relations

“…In addition, a vacant niche requires a retainer by which the relevant medium is circumscribed and held in place. 7 In this respect too, therefore, our account of the medium-retainer structure goes beyond the theory of niches in terms of formal concepts derived from mereology, topology, and the theory of location given in [31]. The organism-medium-retainer structure adds a material dimension.…”

“…The "volume of protected airspace" enclosing an aircraft-a notion that is central to air traffic alert and collision avoidance systems-is in many respects like the niche of a hovering bird [7].…”

A Conceptual Framework and a Review of Conflict Sensing, Detection, Awareness and Escape Maneuvering Methods for UAVs

“…Some of the existing operational systems in use or which have been evaluated in the field are: Airborne Information for Lateral Spacing (AILS) (Waller & Scanlon, 1996), County Technical Assistance Service (CTAS) (Isaacson & Erzberger, 1997), Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) (RTCA, 1976), and its enhanced version (EGPWS) (Bateman, 1999), Precision Runway Monitor (PRM) (Federal_Aviation_Administration, 1991), Traffic alert and Collision avoidance system (TCAS) (RTCA, 1983;Ford, 1986;Ford & Powell, 1990;Committee147, 1997), Traffic and Collision Alert Device (TCAD) (Ryan & Brodegard, 1997), User Request Evaluation Tool (URET) (Brudnicki et al, 1997), and a prototype conflict detection system for Cargo Airline Association (Kelly, 1999). The other approaches range from abstract concepts to prototype conflict detection and resolution systems being evaluated and used in laboratories.…”

Exploration of new algorithms for airborne collision detection and avoidance to meet NextGen capabilities

“…This is known as the modified TAU (   criterion, and was the basis of the early TCAS algorithms [12]. The current TCAS uses the Bramson criterion to allow for a reduced size of the protection volume, which is given by:…”