The Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Seed Rights during Ethnobotanical Research

McCune, Letitia M.

doi:10.14237/ebl.9.1.2018.1076

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Consistent with the Nagoya Protocol (Talaat, 2013; Teran, 2016), it is important to reiterate calls from other authors (Bussmann, 2019; Golan et al ., 2019) for ethnobiologists to follow ethical protocols, obtain institutional review board (IRB) approval and undergo appropriate training prior to data collection. Under these principles, ethnobiological data collection must ensure that prior consent is obtained before interviews and should guarantee that the locations of culturally sensitive knowledge and culturally important species are protected from public access and that participant names are anonymized to ensure confidentially and the protection of indigenous rights during ethnobiological data collection (Vandebroek, 2017; McCune, 2018; Medinaceli, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological advances for hypothesis‐driven ethnobiology

et al. 2021

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Ethnobiology as a discipline has evolved increasingly to embrace theory-inspired and hypothesis-driven approaches to study why and how local people choose plants and animals they interact with and use for their livelihood. However, testing complex hypotheses or a network of ethnobiological hypotheses is challenging, particularly for data sets with nonindependent observations due to species phylogenetic relatedness or socio-relational links between participants. Further, to account fully for the dynamics of local ecological knowledge, it is important to include the spatially explicit distribution of knowledge, changes in knowledge, and knowledge transmission and use. To promote the use of advanced statistical modelling approaches that address these limitations, we synthesize methodological advances for hypothesis-driven research in ethnobiology while highlighting the need for more figures than tables and more tables than text in ethnobiological literature. We present the ethnobiological motivations for conducting generalized linear mixed-effect modelling, structural equation modelling, phylogenetic generalized least squares, social network analysis, species distribution modelling, and predictive modelling. For each element of the proposed ethnobiologists quantitative toolbox, we present practical applications along with scripts for a widespread implementation. Because these statistical modelling approaches are rarely taught in most ethnobiological programs but are essential for careers in academia or industry, it is critical to promote workshops and short courses focused on these advanced methods. By embracing these quantitative modelling techniques without sacrificing qualitative approaches which provide essential context, ethnobiology will progress further towards an expansive interaction with other disciplines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological advances for hypothesis‐driven ethnobiology

et al. 2021

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“…These are a collective forms of crop conservation that provide farmers with access to seed, planting material, and traditional knowledge that may otherwise be lost [ 147 ]. They also foster community engagement and strengthen the understanding of farmers’ and community’ intellectual property [ 157 ]. By documenting and storing biodiversity and associated traditional knowledge, the seed banks also raise awareness of unique biodiversity in a given area.…”

Section: An Integrated Approach For Conserving and Sustainably Usimentioning

confidence: 99%

Born to Eat Wild: An Integrated Conservation Approach to Secure Wild Food Plants for Food Security and Nutrition

Borelli

Hunter

Powell

et al. 2020

Plants

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Overlooked in national reports and in conservation programs, wild food plants (WFPs) have been a vital component of food and nutrition security for centuries. Recently, several countries have reported on the widespread and regular consumption of WFPs, particularly by rural and indigenous communities but also in urban contexts. They are reported as critical for livelihood resilience and for providing essential micronutrients to people enduring food shortages or other emergency situations. However, threats derived from changes in land use and climate, overexploitation and urbanization are reducing the availability of these biological resources in the wild and contributing to the loss of traditional knowledge associated with their use. Meanwhile, few policy measures are in place explicitly targeting their conservation and sustainable use. This can be partially attributed to a lack of scientific evidence and awareness among policymakers and relevant stakeholders of the untapped potential of WFPs, accompanied by market and non-market barriers limiting their use. This paper reviews recent efforts being undertaken in several countries to build evidence of the importance of WFPs, while providing examples of cross-sectoral cooperation and multi-stakeholder approaches that are contributing to advance their conservation and sustainable use. An integrated conservation approach is proposed contributing to secure their availability for future generations.

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“…[11] There are also inconsistencies with the 2007 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which talks about the role of customary laws and the importance of self-determination, but not about the nature of data sharing or its legal implications, including ABS and IP. Several studies have discussed potential ways to move forward on these issues, including establishing IP protocols for biological resources [23] and informed consent strategies for ethnobotanical research, [52,53] but these ideas are still not well developed in the literature and require inputs from many different disciplinary perspectives (legal, ecological, ethnographic, biomedical, linguistic).…”

Section: A Critique Of the Nagoya Protocol And Approaches To Stakehol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A literature review analysis of engagement with the Nagoya Protocol, with specific application to Africa

Knight

Flack-Davison

Engelbrecht

et al. 2022

S Afr J Bioethics Law

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The 2010 Nagoya Protocol is an international framework for access and benefit sharing (ABS) of the use of genetic and biological resources, with particular focus on indigenous communities. This is especially important in Africa, where local communities have a close reliance on environmental resources and ecosystems. However, national legislation and policies commonly lag behind international agreements, and this poses challenges for legal compliance as well as practical applications. This study reviews the academic literature on the Nagoya Protocol and ABS applications, and then considers the implications of this analysis for research in Africa. Results show that there is uneven engagement with the principles of the Nagoya Protocol across different academic disciplines; local communities are sometimes sidelined in these studies; and only 8% of researchers in the literature analysed are located in Africa. Future developments should focus on ensuring national compliance with the Nagoya Protocol, and that researchers and industry work in partnership with local African communities on ABS issues.

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The Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Seed Rights during Ethnobotanical Research

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Methodological advances for hypothesis‐driven ethnobiology

Methodological advances for hypothesis‐driven ethnobiology

Born to Eat Wild: An Integrated Conservation Approach to Secure Wild Food Plants for Food Security and Nutrition

A literature review analysis of engagement with the Nagoya Protocol, with specific application to Africa

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