The protection of maize against Prostephanus truncatus (Horn), using insecticide sprays in Tanzania

Dales, M.J.; Golob, P.

doi:10.1080/096708797228960

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Application of chemical insecticides has been recommended in order to protect against insect-pest and pathogen attack during storage (Dales and Golob, 1997). However, insecticides are frequently unavailable or too expensive for subsistence farmers in developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal silo grain storage technology and household food security in Kenya

Gitonga¹,

Groote²,

Tefera³

2015

J. Dev. Agric. Econ.

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A treatment effect and ordered logit models were used to evaluate the impact of metal silo storage technology on household food security and factors influencing adoption of metal silo. Farmers' perception of the effectiveness of metal silo against larger grain borer and maize weevil was also analyzed. The most important factor households considered when choosing a storage facility was effectiveness against storage pests followed by security of the stored grain and durability of the storage facility. Metal silo adopters had 1.8 months more of adequate food provisioning than nonadopters. Compared to non-adopting households, metal silo adopters only sold a little portion of their maize initially to meet immediate cash needs and kept the bulk of it until the fifth month after harvest. Consumption was stable throughout the year for the metal silo adopters. Non-adopters sold most of their maize immediately after harvest and consumption was higher than sales. Household size, literacy of the household head and land size increased the likelihood of adopting the metal silo technology. Households with access to financial services (bank account and/or mobile money) were more likely to adopt metal silo. Distance to the nearest passable road reduced odds of adopting metal silo technology. The use of metal silos prevented damage by larger grain borer (LGB) and maize weevil for 98% and 94% of adopters, respectively. This study finds evidence that metal silo technology is effective against main maize storage pests and its adoption can significantly improve food security in rural households.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal silo grain storage technology and household food security in Kenya

Gitonga¹,

Groote²,

Tefera³

2015

J. Dev. Agric. Econ.

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“…The use of a pesticide (celphus) in plastic bags was somewhat effective in reducing insect infestation and maintaining higher germination percentage compared to seed stored in plastic bags without the pesticide. Moreover, the effectiveness of pesticides in controlling insect infestation is well documented (Dales and Golob, 1997;De Groote et al, 2013;Golob et al, 1985). However, use of chemical pesticides in storage may be hazardous if the farmers do not take proper precautions in choosing pesticides and handling them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the value of modern seed storage methods for wheat in diverse production ecologies in Nepal

Devkota¹,

Devkota²,

Acharya³

et al. 2018

Journal of Stored Products Research

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In the developing-country context of Nepal, farmers often incur in seed losses of 15-30% due to improper storage. To evaluate the efficacy and costs of modern storage alternatives, experimental trials were set up among ten farmers each in two contrasting ecologies, i.e. Palpa (hills) and Rupandehi (terai plains) districts of Nepal in 2013. Several wheat seed storage options were contrasted including farmer practices (FP) such as reused fertilizer bags, polythene bags, household metal containers, and mud bins. Modern storage methods that were evaluated included plastic bags (with and without pesticide), metal bins, and hermetic 'SuperGrainbag' (SGB). Seed quality and losses were assessed after six months of storage (May-October) with parameters such as grain moisture content, insect damage, seed germination, and seedling vigor. The overall quality of seed with FPs was lower in the hills than in the terai plains. Among the treatments, SGBs were more effective in maintaining acceptable seed moisture levels, controlling insect damage (<1%), preserving germination (>90% lab, >65% field), and promoting seedling vigor. Metal bins and plastic bags without pesticide had higher insect damage (7-15%) compared to FP and plastic bags with pesticide (2-5%). In terms of storage costs, SGBs were comparable with the farmers' storage methods ($5-6 per 100 kg seed storage). Our findings demonstrate that SGBs are better at maintaining seed quality and more economical than not only FP but also the other modern storage methods evaluated in this study across different production ecological regions in Nepal.

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“…Since then, P. trancatus has become a serious threat to stored maize and dried cassava (Key et al, 1994), reducing the storage period of these commodities in the granaries of small-scale farmers. First recognized outbreaks were reported in the western regions of Tanzania (Tabora, Shinyanga, and Mwanza) in 1981 (Dales and Golob, 1997). It has now spread to most of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa, and more recently it has been identified in 17 countries ( Figure 13) in Africa (Schneider et al, 2004).…”

Section: The Larger Grain Borer (Prostephanus Truncatus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2015

2015 ASABE International Meeting

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Agriculture is the backbone of Tanzanian economy. It accounts for about one-third of the gross domestic product (GDP), provides 85 percent of all exports and saves as a livelihood to over 80 percent of the total population. Maize is the primary staple crop; it's grown in nearly all agro-ecological zones in the country. Tanzania is a major maize producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last four decades, Tanzania has ranked among the top 25 maize producing countries in the world. In the 2013/14 growing seasons Tanzania produced over half billion metric tons of maize of these maize smallholder farmers produced around 85%. Despite the steady production of maize over the past three decades, post-harvest losses of maize remained significant, up to 30-40 % in some rural areas. Post-harvest handling, poor infrastructure, weather variability, biotic factors such as insects and pests, bacteria, pathogens, viruses, and fungi, often aggravate such losses. Mycotoxin producing fungi pose a major risk. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that frequently contaminate the maize in the field and/or during storage. Mycotoxin contamination of maize poses a health risk to humans and animals if not properly managed. The most important mycotoxins in Tanzania are the aflatoxins, fumonisins and Ochratoxin. The objective of this paper was to review current literature on the production trends, consumption, post-harvest losses, and mycotoxins contamination of maize and to provide strategies to control and prevent postharvest losses and mycotoxins contamination in Tanzania. Agriculture is the backbone of Tanzanian economy. It accounts for about one-third of the gross domestic product (GDP), provides 85 percent of all exports and saves as a livelihood to over 80 percent of the total population. Maize is the primary staple crop; it's grown in nearly all agro-ecological zones in the country. Tanzania is a major maize producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the last four decades, Tanzania has ranked among the top 25 maize producing countries in the world. In the 2013/14 growing seasons Tanzania produced over half billion metric tons of maize of these maize smallholder farmers produced around 85%. Despite the steady production of maize over the past three decades, post-harvest losses of maize remained significant, up to 30-40 % in some rural areas. Post-harvest handling, poor infrastructure, weather variability, biotic factors such as insects and pests, bacteria, pathogens, viruses, and fungi, often aggravate such losses. Mycotoxin producing fungi pose a major risk. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi that frequently contaminate the maize in the field and/or during storage. Mycotoxin contamination of maize poses a health risk to humans and animals if not properly managed. The most important mycotoxins in Tanzania are the aflatoxins, fumonisins and Ochratoxin. The objective of this paper was to review current literature on the production trends, consumption, post-harvest losses, and mycotoxins contamination of mai...

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The protection of maize against Prostephanus truncatus (Horn), using insecticide sprays in Tanzania

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Metal silo grain storage technology and household food security in Kenya

Metal silo grain storage technology and household food security in Kenya

Establishing the value of modern seed storage methods for wheat in diverse production ecologies in Nepal

Current Maize Production, Postharvest Losses and the Risk of Mycotoxins Contamination in Tanzania

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