The protective effect of betanin and copper on heart and lung in end‑organ ischemia reperfusion injury

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Betanin and copper sulphate have been previously indicated as benefi cial agents for ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) as antioxidant compounds in various models. We investigated whether betanin and copper have any protective effects on the heart and lung against I/R injury in rats. METHODS: Spraque-Dawley rats were assigned in groups: Sham (laparotomy only), control (I/R only), betanin treatment (100 mg/kg of betanin administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 60 minutes before I/R) and copper sulfate treatment group (0.1 mg/kg/day copper sulfate i.p. for 7 days before I/R). Ischemia was induced by clamping the aorta between the left renal artery and aortic bifurcation for 45 minutes. After 48hour reperfusion, the rats were sacrifi ced and heart/lung tissues were harvested. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were determined. Apoptosis was determined via TUNEL assay. RESULTS: MDA, MPO, IL-6 levels and apoptotic cells were signifi cantly increased in the I/R group. In both treatment groups, MDA and MPO levels were decreased. IL-6 was signifi cantly decreased in response to betanin administration in the heart, but not in the lung; copper had no effect in either area. The numbers of apoptotic cells were signifi cantly decreased in both treatment groups. CONCLUSION: Betanin and copper may have protective effects on I/R injury in the heart and lung in rats (Fig. 6, Ref. 39).

Betanin as a multipath oxidative stress and inflammation modulator: a beetroot pigment with protective effects on cardiovascular disease pathogenesis

“…Betanin prevents oxidative damage in the lung and heart of animals induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury, evidenced by decreased MDA production in tissues. The same favorable effect of betanin on MDA was observed in the abdominal aorta following ischemia and reperfusion injury (Tural et al 2020a;2020b). Taken together, these findings reinforce the protective effects of betanin on vascular integrity against oxidative damage.…”

Betalain exerts cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects against the experimental model of heart failure

“…On the contrary, the normalization of the blood pressure was attained in rat myocardium due to the pretreatment of BTA. [21][22][23] It has been reported that in chronic heart disease, accumulated reactive oxygen species due to reduced activity of anti-oxidant enzymes trigger the oxidative stress and results in cardiac necrosis. 24,25 ROS would cause peroxidation of lipids and proteins into advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its deposition on the cardiac tissues on circulation would cause changes in the heart structure and results in damage to the cardiac tissues fibrils and weakening of the heart.…”

Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice

“…The MDA level is an end-product of lipid peroxidation at the end of the reperfusion process and an indication of increased free radical production [14]. MDA has been an important biochemical parameter measured in many experimental animal studies to evaluate the oxidative stress level [15].…”