The protective effect of cinnamon and ginger hydro‐alcoholic extract on carbon tetrachloride‐induced testicular damage in rats

Chlorella vulgaris ameliorates testicular toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in male rats via modulating oxidative stress

“…As a germ cell in the testis, spermatozoa are highly vulnerable to oxidative damage, due to the abundance of powerful antioxidant systems and the presence of active free radical‐generating systems including NADPH ‐ and xanthine oxidases and the CYP isozymes (Aitken & Roman, 2008). Previously, it was reported that CCl4 exposure resulted in elevated MDA and TOS levels and decreased GSH and TAC levels, catalase enzyme activity, and testis weight, which can cause major spermatozoa dysfunction and male infertility (Hefnawy & Ramadan, 2013; Mazani et al, 2020).…”

“…In groups IV and V, the CVE co‐administration with CCl4 (Sigma‐Aldrich; 289,116) was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of the CVE against oxidative stress‐induced via CCl4 . According to the previous studies (Mazani et al, 2020), to induce oxidative damage in testis, the CCl4 solution was made of 50% v/v, dissolved in olive oil as the vehicle, then the CCl4 solution of 1 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally in rats once a week for 12 weeks. Additionally, the CVE was dissolved in normal saline and administered daily by gavage in the treatment groups ( CVE50 and CVE100 ) for the last 4 weeks.…”

Natural Products as Protective Agents for Male Fertility

“…These sulfite salts are used as preservatives and disinfectants in foods and pharmaceutical agents, as they release sulfur dioxide that can cause oxidative stress. Ginger treatment in the presence of carbon tetrachloride or sodium metabisulfite improved histopathological findings [113] and prevented the toxic effects in the SeT, epididymal tissue [99], and in the sperm parameters (morphology and motility) [113]. Additionally, ginger increased the enzymes GHS-Px, [99,113], TAC, SOD, and CAT [99]; GSH-Rx levels; and testosterone [113] and decreased MDA levels [99,113].…”

“…Ginger or Zingiber officinale is a grayish-white rhizome with pale brown rings that is used worldwide as a cooking spice and can be used as a powder or fresh root [98]. For generations, it has been used as a medicinal plant to treat several medical conditions, such as constipation, fever, indigestion, infectious diseases, muscle aches, nausea, rheumatoid arthritis, sore throat [99], and disorders of the male reproductive system [100]. In medieval Persia, medical texts such as Qanoonfel-teb (The Canon) by Ebn-e-Sina (980-1037) described ginger as a very effective herb for erectile dysfunction [101].…”

Isolation and Purification of Chitosan Oligosaccharides (Mw ≤ 1000) and Their Protective Effect on Acute Liver Injury Caused by CCl4

“…Acute liver injury induced by CCl 4 in animals is very similar to acute chemical liver injury in humans, so it is widely used in the study of potential hepatoprotective drug activity [ 38 ]. CCl 4 not only exerts strong toxicity on the liver but also causes damage to other parts of the body [ 39 ], including the kidneys [ 40 ], nervous system [ 41 ], and testes [ 42 ].…”