The protective effect of erdosteine on radiocontrast induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Abstract

Acute renal failure resulting from radiocontrast-induced nephrotoxicity (RIN) is suggested to occur via medullary ischemia coupled with the generation of free radicals and oxidative injury to tubular cells. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of erdosteine on prevention of RIN. Thirty-three Wistar-albino rats were divided into five groups: control (group 1, n = 6), radiocontrast media (group 2, n = 6), erdosteine (group 3, n = 7), erdosteine four doses before radiocontrast application (group 4, n = 7) and erdosteine one dose at the same day with radiocontrast application (group 5, n = 7). RIN was induced by administration of intravenous high osmolar contrast media amidotrizoate (6 mL/kg). Total RNA was extracted from the kidney, and the expression levels of Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) genes were evaluated by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in kidney homogenates and serum samples. Serum creatinine, BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and cystatin-C levels were measured from serum samples. The kidneys were evaluated histopathologically. The expression levels of Spp1 and Lcn2 genes in group 2 were significantly higher than groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. The expression levels of Spp1 and Lcn2 genes in group 4 were four and two times lower than group 5, respectively. Kidney TOS levels in group 2 were significantly higher than groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. Kidney TAS levels in group 3 were higher than group 2. Kidney oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in group 2 were significantly higher than groups 4 and 5. All rats in contrast media group developed tubular necrosis, proteinaceous casts, medullary congestion although these changes were significantly reduced in groups 4 and 5. This study demonstrated that multiple doses of erdosteine before application may have higher protective effects against RIN.

Simvastatin Attenuates Contrast-Induced Nephropathy through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Proinflammatory Myeloperoxidase, and Nitric Oxide

“…A significant increase in lipid peroxides has been observed in kidneys of rats treated with CM [11]. Earlier studies also suggested that oxidative stress plays an important role in CM-induced nephrotoxicity [25–27]. The antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), has been used clinically for prevention of iothalamate meglumine contrast-induced acute renal failure [28–32].…”

Antioxidant effect of erdosteine and lipoic acid in ovarian ischemia–reperfusion injury

“…Erdosteine has been used to protect against and cure I/R injury in many organs [19,[29][30][31][32]. Erdosteine is likely to protect against ovarian torsion-detorsion by avoiding scavenging of free radicals, release of oxidant free radicals, and through prevention of proinflammatory processes.…”

Protective effect of erdosteine on erythrocyte deformabilityin a rat model of lower limb ischemia/reperfusion injury

“…By relating the pressure value of the erythrocyte suspension to the pressure value of the buffer, the relative refractory period value (Rrel) was calculated. The deformability index was interpreted such that as Rrel was increasing the ability of erythrocyte deformability was affected adversely (7,8).…”

“…Erdosteine has been used to protect against and cure ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in many organs (1,(7)(8)(9)(10).…”