The protective effect of melatonin on radiofrequency electromagnetic fields of mobile phone‐induced testicular damage in an experimental mouse model

Abstract

Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF‐EMR) from mobile devices has undesirable effects on the male reproductive organs. Melatonin with antioxidant potential can help to prevent these damages. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin on testicular damage induced by RF‐EMR of mobile phone. In this experimental study, 32 adult male BALB/c mice were divided randomly into four groups: control, melatonin (2 mg/kg, for 30 consecutive days, intraperitoneally), RF‐EMR (900 MHz, 100 to 300 MT, 54 to 160 W/m) (4 hr per day, whole body) and melatonin + RF‐EMR groups. One day after the last prescription were evaluated oxidative stress parameters, testosterone level and histopathological assays of the testis. EMR of mobile phone led to the induction of oxidative stress, testicular tissue damage and decreased testosterone. Treatment with melatonin improved oxidative stress parameters such as MDA and GSH, and testis injury score, increased the thickness of the germinal epithelial thickness and diameter of the seminiferous tubule, and decreased testosterone hormone in the EMR‐exposed mice, and these differences were significant(p < .05). Data showed that melatonin with its antioxidant property can decrease oxidative damage induced by RF‐EMR of mobile phones on testis tissue.

Improvement of several stress response and sleep quality hormones in men and women after sleeping in a bed that protects against electromagnetic fields

“…In fact, reproductive organs, especially in the male, are very sensitive to environmental stresses such as EMFs due to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation [76]. Moreover, these results are linked to the increase observed also in melatonin in the present study since the antioxidant effect of melatonin seems to help to prevent that damage in reproductive organs [77], although the results were not obtained in the same people.…”

Overview of biological effects of melatonin on testis: A review

“…But melatonin normalised the level of vitamin E and prevented EMR‐induced oxidative damage in the testicles by strengthening the antioxidant redox system (Oksay et al, 2014). In a study by Shokri et al, it was reported mobile phone EMR (900 MHz) reduced testosterone levels and caused testicular tissue damage in mice models, but melatonin treatment reduced oxidative stress parameters such as MDA and GSH levels and diameter of the seminiferous tubules, and increased the thickness of the germinal epithelium and testosterone levels of EMR‐exposed mice (Shokri et al, 2020).…”

Effect of Lactobacillus species on apoptosis-related genes BCL2, BAX, and caspase 3 in the testes of gamma-irradiated rats

“…Researchers suggested that probiotics reduced the ROS activation evoked by radiation via the production of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, GSH peroxidase, GSH reductase, and catalase 22,23 . Shokri et al demonstrated that melatonin with its antioxidant property can decrease oxidative damage induced by radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) of mobile phones on testis tissue 24 . Moreover, melatonin has been reported to have an important anti-apoptotic action by attenuating the production of ROS and pro-apoptotic proteins, such as BAX 25 .…”