The Protective Effect of Prenatal Social Support on Infant Adiposity in the First 18 Months of Life

Katzow, Michelle; Messito, Mary Jo; Mendelsohn, Alan L.; Scott, Marc; Gross, Rachel S.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.02.017

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Approaches include the use of change scores (13, 18) and % change (3), residuals from OLS regression (28, 32), multilevel models (MLM) (23, 35) and non-parametric smoothing routines (9), conditional growth scores (36) and ratios of Euclidean distances between a set of 3 measures (3). Some studies report using manual verification of growth histories (9, 26) (15) (3) (17), which is considered the gold standard approach. Certain methods require more data points which may be a limitation, and some methods perform poorly when the error load (magnitude and frequency of errors) is high (9, 35).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening & diagnosing errors in longitudinal measures of body size

Wills

2020

Preprint

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This paper presents a novel multi-step automated algorithm to screen for errors in longitudinal height and weight data and describes the frequency and characteristics of errors in three datasets. It also offers a taxonomy of published cleaning routines from a scoping review.Illustrative data are from three Norwegian retrospective cohorts containing 87,792 assessments (birth to 14y) from 8,428 children. Each has different data pipelines, quality control and data structure. The algorithm contains 43 steps split into 3 sections; (a) dates, (b) Identifiable data entry errors, (c) biologically impossible/ implausible change, and uses logic checks, and cross-sectional and longitudinal routines. The WHO cross-sectional approach was also applied as a comparison.Published cleaning routines were taxonomized by their design, the marker used to screen errors, the reference threshold and how threshold was selected. Fully automated error detection was not possible without false positives or reduced sensitivity. Error frequencies in the cohorts were 0.4%, 2.1% and 2.4% of all assessments, and the percentage of children with ≥1 error was 4.1%, 13.4% and 15.3%. In two of the datasets, >2/3s of errors could be classified as inliers (within ±3SD scores). Children with errors had a similar distribution of HT and WT to those without error. The WHO cross-sectional approach lacked sensitivity (range 0-55%), flagged many false positives (range: 7-100%) and biased estimates of overweight and thinness.Elements of this algorithm may have utility for built-in data entry rules, data harmonisation and sensitivity analyses. The reported error frequencies and structure may also help design more realistic simulation studies to test routines. Multi-step distribution-wide algorithmic approaches are recommended to systematically screen and document the wide range of ways in which errors can occur and to maximise sensitivity for detecting errors, naive cross-sectional trimming as a stand-alone method may do more harm than good.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening & diagnosing errors in longitudinal measures of body size

Wills

2020

Preprint

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“…Social support promotes mental and physical health in low stress environments [ 1 , 2 ] and buffers the effects of stress in high stress environments [ 3 , 4 ]. Maternal resilience factors such as prenatal social support have been linked to higher leukocyte telomere length in newborns [ 5 ] and lower adiposity during infancy [ 6 ]. Moreover, poor social support in early childhood may influence health outcomes later in life [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal social support in low-risk pregnancy shapes placental epigenome

Tesfaye

Biedrzycki

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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Background Poor social support during pregnancy has been linked to inflammation and adverse pregnancy and childhood health outcomes. Placental epigenetic alterations may underlie these links but are still unknown in humans. Methods In a cohort of low-risk pregnant women (n = 301) from diverse ethnic backgrounds, social support was measured using the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory (ESSI) during the first trimester. Placental samples collected at delivery were analyzed for DNA methylation and gene expression using Illumina 450K Beadchip Array and RNA-seq, respectively. We examined association between maternal prenatal social support and DNA methylation in placenta. Associated cytosine-(phosphate)-guanine sites (CpGs) were further assessed for correlation with nearby gene expression in placenta. Results The mean age (SD) of the women was 27.7 (5.3) years. The median (interquartile range) of ESSI scores was 24 (22–25). Prenatal social support was significantly associated with methylation level at seven CpGs (PFDR < 0.05). The methylation levels at two of the seven CpGs correlated with placental expression of VGF and ILVBL (PFDR < 0.05), genes known to be involved in neurodevelopment and energy metabolism. The genes annotated with the top 100 CpGs were enriched for pathways related to fetal growth, coagulation system, energy metabolism, and neurodevelopment. Sex-stratified analysis identified additional significant associations at nine CpGs in male-bearing pregnancies and 35 CpGs in female-bearing pregnancies. Conclusions The findings suggest that prenatal social support is linked to placental DNA methylation changes in a low-stress setting, including fetal sex-dependent epigenetic changes. Given the relevance of some of these changes in fetal neurodevelopmental outcomes, the findings signal important methylation targets for future research on molecular mechanisms of effect of the broader social environment on pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Trial registration NCT00912132 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

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“…During pregnancy, there is evidence that family support has beneficial effects on pregnancy and birth outcomes, like postpartum depression [5], adequate infant birth size [6], breastfeeding [7], and infant adiposity [8]. When pregnancy occurs during adolescence, family support becomes more important, because adolescents have a higher risk of inadequate gestational weight gain and low birth weight, in addition to their owns needs as adolescents per se [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Family Support Network of Pregnant Adolescents and Its Association with Gestational Weight Gain and Birth Weight of Newborns

Sámano

Martínez-Rojano

Chico-Barba

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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It has been proposed that, in the Mexican culture, family support can be a factor that contributes to protect the maternal and child health of pregnant adolescents. There may be complex associations between family support and the circumstances of a pregnancy during adolescence. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between the family support network (FSN) characteristic and the maternal and neonatal outcomes in Mexican adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 352 pregnant adolescents participated; their FSN during pregnancy was assessed. The gestational weight gain and birth weight/length of newborns were registered. The size of the FSN was described and divided into quartiles; the main members for each quartile were identified. Then, sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared by FSN quartiles. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the association of FSN size and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Our results indicate that the mean age was 15 ± 1 year old. The primary support member in the FSN was the mother of the adolescent in each quartile, except for quartile 3, where the primary support was the mother-in-law. In quartile 3 there was a significantly lower gestational weight gain compared to quartile 4 (11.8 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 5 kg, p = 0.054). According to the regression model, a higher risk of small for gestational age (OR 2.99, CI 95% 1.25–7.15) newborns was found in quartile 3. We conclude that the maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ between quartiles of FSN size, except for quartile 3. Small for gestational age newborns were observed when a non-blood relative was present in the FSN. The quality rather than the network size might be more important for improving pregnancy outcomes.

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The Protective Effect of Prenatal Social Support on Infant Adiposity in the First 18 Months of Life

Cited by 18 publications

References 65 publications

Screening & diagnosing errors in longitudinal measures of body size

Screening & diagnosing errors in longitudinal measures of body size

Prenatal social support in low-risk pregnancy shapes placental epigenome

Characteristics of the Family Support Network of Pregnant Adolescents and Its Association with Gestational Weight Gain and Birth Weight of Newborns

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