The protective effect of thymoquinone over olanzapine-induced side effects in liver, and metabolic side effects

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the possible protective qualities of thymoquinone (TQ) against the side-effects of olanzapine (OLZ) in an experimental model in rat liver with histologic and biochemical assessments. METHODS: Experimental procedures were performed on 35 female Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into fi ve groups as: group 1: control; group 2: OLZ; group 3: OLZ+TQ-1; group 4: OLZ+TQ-2; and group 5: OLZ+TQ-3. RESULTS: The results showed that a 2-week administration of OLZ (4 mg/kg, once a day for the fi rst week, 8 mg/kg once a day for the second week, p.o.) and treatment with TQ (25, 50, 100 mg/kg, once daily, p.o.) signifi cantly reduced weight gain induced by OLZ. In addition, TQ increased the total antioxidant status (TAS), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), insulin levels and decreased serum oxidative stress index (OSI), total oxidant status (TOS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), glucose, triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (CH) levels signifi cantly (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that treatment with TQ might protect liver tissue against the side-effects of OLZ. TQ could be an effective course of therapy to enhance therapeutic effi cacy (Tab. 4, Fig. 4, Ref. 47). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

Effects of Nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone against bisphenol A‐induced metabolic disorder in rats

“…The results of our study displayed that co‐administration of TQ with BPA reduced the elevated serum levels of cholesterol, TG, LDL‐C, ALT, AST, and ALP. In line with our results, it was reported that oral administration of TQ (25, 50, 100 mg/kg, 2 weeks) reduced serum cholesterol, TG, LDL‐C, ALT, and AST levels in olanzapine‐treated rats, and the authors suggested that TQ protected liver tissue against hepatotoxic effects of olanzapine (Bilgic et al, 2017).…”

<p>Atypical antipsychotics-induced metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a critical review</p>

“…In addition, liver from the olanzapine group showed large fat droplets in perinuclear region, between cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and in the space of Disse 99. In a more recent study, olanzapine-administered (for 2 weeks) rats showed severe liver damage indicated by loss of normal architecture, vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and fatty changes in the liver 100. In a study from our group, daily intraperitoneal injection of clozapine for 6 weeks significantly increased plasma levels of triglycerides, led to hepatic steatosis and fibrosis along with increased activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in male Wistar rats, but showed no effects on blood glucose, insulin levels, and total cholesterol 101…”

Antidiabetic potential of <i>Nigella sativa</i> L seed oil in alloxaninduced diabetic rabbits

“…The volatile lipidic fraction of Nigella sativa possesses insulinotropic properties, as shown through its maintenance of β-cell integrity in the pancrease [10]. It has been reported that black cumin seed oil (thymoquinone) produced significant decrease in serum glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, when compared to the untreated diabetic rats [11].…”