The protective effect of vitamin A on Concor induced structural changes of the liver and kidney in adult rats

Abstract

Concor is a beta-blocker drug used to treat high blood pressure, acute coronary syndrome, and to control the rapid pulse of the heart such as atrial fibrillation. Some of its adverse effects include hepatitis, increased triglycerides and liver enzymes. Monitoring liver and kidney functions in patients with hepatic or renal impairment who are taking concor is recommended. The current study was undertaken to define whether vitamin A could improve structural changes in the liver and kidneys. The 24 rats were grouped into the following. The first group was control. The second group was given Vitamin A (5000 IU). Group 3: given concor at a daily dose of 0.9 mg/kg B. wt. Group IV: received concor (0.9 mg/kg B. wt.) and Vitamin A (5000 IU) orally. After 4 weeks, the kidney of the treated group 3 exhibited degenerative alterations in the glomeruli, enlargement of Bowman’s space and the epithelium of the proximal kidney tubules showed vacuolar degeneration with necrosis. Liver sections showed degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, congestion of the central vein, dilation of sinusoids and inflammatory cell infiltration. Group 4 showed mild degeneration in the glomeruli, expansion of Bowman’s space and mild degeneration of tubular epithelium, and normal architecture of the liver with increased Kupffer cells. From this study, we concluded that concor drug induces structural changes in the liver and kidney and these effects were improved by Vitamin A administration.