The protective effects of phoenixin-14 against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and inflammasome activation in astrocytes

Wang, Jian; Zheng, Bo; Yang, Shu; Tang, Xiaoyan; Wang, Jianhong; Dong, Wei

doi:10.1007/s00011-020-01355-9

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A similar effect was shown for phoenixin-14, which reduced LPS-induced endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) stress, thereby inhibiting the eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2α), resulting in a reduced activation of transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and a reduced transcription of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP), a growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34 (GADD34) [69]. In addition, phoenixin-14 attenuated the LPS-induced increase in high mobility group box one (HMGB1) protein [69], which also induces the expression of NLRP3 [70]. This reduction in HMBG1 due to phoenixin-14 was also found in an oxygen-glucose-deprivation-reperfusion stress (OGD/R) cell culture model (Figure 1) [71].…”

Section: Potential Involvement In Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 59%

Role of the Novel Peptide Phoenixin in Stress Response and Possible Interactions with Nesfatin-1

Friedrich

Stengel

2021

IJMS

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The novel peptide phoenixin was shown to be involved in several physiological processes ranging from reproduction to food intake. Interest in this protein has steadily increased over the last few years and its known implications have become much broader, playing a role in glucose homeostasis, anxiety, nociception, and pruritus. Phoenixin is expressed in a multitude of organs such as the small intestine, pancreas, and in the hypothalamus, as well as several other brain nuclei influencing numerous physiological functions. Its highly conserved amino-acid sequence amongst species leads to the assumption, that phoenixin might be involved in essential physiological functions. Its co-expression and opposing functionality to the extensively studied peptide nesfatin-1 has given rise to the idea of a possible counterbalancing role. Several recent publications focused on phoenixin’s role in stress reactions, namely restraint stress and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation response, in which also nesfatin-1 is known to be altered. This review provides an overview on the phoenixins and nesfatin-1 properties and putative effects, and especially highlights the recent developments on their role and interaction in the response to response.

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Section: Potential Involvement In Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 59%

Role of the Novel Peptide Phoenixin in Stress Response and Possible Interactions with Nesfatin-1

Friedrich

Stengel

2021

IJMS

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“…In addition, PNX was observed to exhibit protective effects in astrocytes. Wang et al reported that PNX-14 protects against LPS-induced cell damage and inflammation in mouse astrocytes [67]. Consistently, Zeng et al found that PNX-20 attenuated LPS-induced inflammation in microglial cells [68].…”

Section: Cell-protective and Anti-inflammatory Effects Of Phoenixinmentioning

confidence: 86%

Phoenixin: More than Reproductive Peptide

Billert

Rak

Nowak

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Phoenixin (PNX) neuropeptide is a cleaved product of the Smim20 protein. Its most common isoforms are the 14- and 20-amino acid peptides. The biological functions of PNX are mediated via the activation of the GPR173 receptor. PNX plays an important role in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the female reproductive system where it potentiates LH secretion and controls the estrus cycle. Moreover, it stimulates oocyte maturation and increases the number of ovulated oocytes. Nevertheless, PNX not only regulates the reproduction system but also exerts anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and cell-protective effects. Furthermore, it is involved in behavior, food intake, sensory perception, memory, and energy metabolism. Outside the CNS, PNX exerts its effects on the heart, ovaries, adipose tissue, and pancreatic islets. This review presents all the currently available studies demonstrating the pleiotropic effects of PNX.

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“…Indeed, both levels of IL-1β and IL-18 are higher in the cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients than in healthy controls [126]. In addition, it has been reported that the inhibition of astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β production exhibits neuroprotective effects [127,128]. Taken together, IL-1β produced by the astrocytic NLRP3 inflammasome is thought to be crucial in the pathogenesis of PD.…”

Section: Neuroinflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuron-Astrocyte Interactions in Parkinson’s Disease

Miyazaki

Asanuma

2020

Cells

104

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. PD patients exhibit motor symptoms such as akinesia/bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability due to a loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Although the pathogenesis in sporadic PD remains unknown, there is a consensus on the involvement of non-neuronal cells in the progression of PD pathology. Astrocytes are the most numerous glial cells in the central nervous system. Normally, astrocytes protect neurons by releasing neurotrophic factors, producing antioxidants, and disposing of neuronal waste products. However, in pathological situations, astrocytes are known to produce inflammatory cytokines. In addition, various studies have reported that astrocyte dysfunction also leads to neurodegeneration in PD. In this article, we summarize the interaction of astrocytes and dopaminergic neurons, review the pathogenic role of astrocytes in PD, and discuss therapeutic strategies for the prevention of dopaminergic neurodegeneration. This review highlights neuron-astrocyte interaction as a target for the development of disease-modifying drugs for PD in the future.

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The protective effects of phoenixin-14 against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and inflammasome activation in astrocytes

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

Role of the Novel Peptide Phoenixin in Stress Response and Possible Interactions with Nesfatin-1

Role of the Novel Peptide Phoenixin in Stress Response and Possible Interactions with Nesfatin-1

Phoenixin: More than Reproductive Peptide

Neuron-Astrocyte Interactions in Parkinson’s Disease

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