The Protocol for the Safe and Effective Administration of EDTA and Other Chelating Agents for Vascular Disease, Degenerative Disease, and Metal Toxicity

Rozema, Theodore

doi:10.1023/b:jame.0000008701.26923.ab

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…Interestingly, the treatment of cadmium-exposed animals with DMPS alone has been found to mobilize both zinc and copper from kidney but none of them from liver, suggesting that the site is one of the guiding factors for the action of metal chelating agent, although DMPS has a high affinity for zinc and copper. 13 As expected, the increase in blood cadmium level and the decrease in blood zinc and copper levels due to cadmium intoxication were reversed considerably upon treatment with the chelating agents. The administration of cysteine, N -acetyl cysteine or DMPS in normal animals has shown a depletion of endogenous zinc from liver, kidney and blood and of copper from liver and blood, a phenomenon usually associated with the chelation therapy.…”

Section: Acid (Dmsa)supporting

confidence: 61%

Chelation in metal intoxication: influence of cysteine or N‐acetyl cysteine on the efficacy of 2,3‐dimercaptopropane‐1‐sulphonate in the treatment of cadmium toxicity

Tandon

Prasad

Singh

2002

J of Applied Toxicology

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The influence of cysteine or N-acetyl cysteine administration on the efficacy of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulphonate (DMPS) in the treatment of cadmium intoxication was investigated in cadmium-pre-exposed rats. Cysteine, N-acetyl cysteine, DMPS, DMPS + cysteine or DMPS + N-acetyl cysteine were about equal in effectiveness in mobilizing hepatic cadmium mainly from its supernatant cytosolic fraction (SCF) and both of the combinations were more effective than either of them alone in mobilizing cadmium from its nuclear mitochondrial fraction (NMF). The DMPS was apparently more effective than cysteine or N-acetyl cysteine in mobilizing renal cadmium from its SCF or NMF and it was more effective than even their combinations in mobilizing cadmium from renal SCF. The treatment with cysteine or N-acetyl cysteine reduced cadmium-induced hepatic and renal metallothionein (MT) and the treatment with DMPS reduced renal MT only, probably due to removal of hepatic and renal SCF cadmium by these agents. However, MT levels were high in animals treated with DMPS + cysteine or DMPS + N-acetyl cysteine, despite lowering of cadmium in these tissues, suggesting a contribution of MT induced by cysteine or N-acetyl cysteine itself. The cadmium exposure increased hepatic and renal zinc and renal copper levels, probably as a result of cadmium-induced MT, and some of the levels were normalized considerably by the subsequent treatment with cysteine, DMPS or to a lesser extent N-acetyl cysteine and their combinations, showing their protective effects against cadmium toxicity. The increase in blood cadmium and the decrease in blood zinc and copper levels due to cadmium exposure also were reversed appreciably by some of these treatments. The results have shown a limited benefit of cysteine or N-acetyl cysteine administration on the efficacy of DMPS in the treatment of cadmium intoxication.

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Section: Acid (Dmsa)supporting

confidence: 61%

Chelation in metal intoxication: influence of cysteine or N‐acetyl cysteine on the efficacy of 2,3‐dimercaptopropane‐1‐sulphonate in the treatment of cadmium toxicity

Tandon

Prasad

Singh

2002

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…The chelation treatment regimen had been standardized and published by chelation practitioners, [11] and consisted of up to 3 g of disodium EDTA, adjusted downward based on estimated glomerular filtration rate; 7 g of ascorbic acid; 2 g of magnesium chloride; 100 mg of procaine hydrochloride; 2500 U of unfractionated heparin; 2 mEq of potassium chloride; 840 mg of sodium bicarbonate; 250 mg of pantothenic acid; 100 mg of thiamine; 100 mg of pyridoxine; and sterile water to make up 500 mL of solution. The identical appearing placebo solution consisted of 500 mL of normal saline and 1.2% dextrose.…”

Section: Design Of Tactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of, or perhaps because of, nearly universal opprobrium from traditional medicine, chelation practitioners formed various organizations [9,10] which, among other activities, standardized the doses and rate of administration of edetate disodium [11]. These efforts probably succeeded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When infused too quickly, edetate disodium administration can result in hypocalcemia. In response to this, practitioners developed protocols that, when adhered to, make this therapy exceptionally safe [11]. Ultimately an uneasy equipoise developed [13], in which patients and chelation practitioners observed and reported benefit from an “unproven” treatment; and cardiologists criticized the practice as not evidence-based, without the evidence base to do so.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As part of the due diligence in anticipation of the RFA response, the lead investigator visited several chelation practices and contacted leading chelation physicians throughout the US, and worked with ACAM to understand the components of the standard, most prevalent edetate disodium-based solution [11]. It was during these conversations that the ultimate name (and acronym) of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) suggested itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chelation therapy to treat atherosclerosis, particularly in diabetes: is it time to reconsider?

Lamas

Ergui

2016

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy

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Summary Reports and case series have suggested a possible beneficial effect of chelation therapy in patients with atherosclerotic disease. Small randomized trials conducted in patients with angina or peripheral artery disease, however, were not sufficiently powered to provide conclusive evidence on clinical outcomes. The Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT) was the first randomized trial adequately powered to detect the effects of chelation therapy on clinical endpoints. Chelation reduced adverse cardiovascular events in a post myocardial infarction (MI) population. Patients with diabetes demonstrated even greater benefit, with a number needed to treat of 6.5 patients to prevent a cardiac event over 5 years. These results led to the revision of the ACC/AHA guideline recommendations for chelation therapy, changing its classification from class III to class IIb. TACT2, a replicative trial, will assess the effects of chelation therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients with a prior myocardial infarction.

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EDTA chelation therapy alone and in combination with oral high-dose multivitamins and minerals for coronary disease: The factorial group results of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy

Lamas

Boineau

Goertz

et al. 2014

American Heart Journal

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Background Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) reduced adverse cardiac outcomes in a factorial trial also testing oral vitamins. Objective This report describes the intent-to-treat comparison of the 4 factorial groups overall and in patients with diabetes. Methods Double-blind placebo-controlled 2 × 2 factorial multicenter randomized trial of 1708 post-MI patients ≥ 50 years and creatinine ≤2.0 mg/dL randomized to receive 40 EDTA chelation or placebo infusions plus 6 caplets daily of a 28-component multivitaminmultimineral mixture or placebo. Primary endpoint was a composite of total mortality, MI, stroke, coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for angina. Results Median age was 65 years, 18% female, 94% Caucasian, 37% diabetic, 83% prior coronary revascularization, and 73% on statins. Five-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for the primary endpoint in the chelation + high-dose vitamin group was 31.9%, in the chelation + placebo vitamin group 33.7%, in the placebo infusion + active vitamin group 36.6%, and in the placebo infusions + placebo vitamin group 40.2 %. The reduction in primary endpoint by double active treatment compared with double placebo was significant (HR 0.74, 95% CI (0.57,0.95); p=0.016). In patients with diabetes, the primary endpoint reduction of double active compared with double placebo was more pronounced (HR 0.49, 95% CI (0.33,0.75), p<0.001). Conclusions In stable post- MI patients on evidence-based medical therapy, the combination of oral high-dose vitamins and chelation therapy compared with double placebo reduced clinically important cardiovascular events to an extent that was both statistically significant and of potential clinical relevance.

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The Protocol for the Safe and Effective Administration of EDTA and Other Chelating Agents for Vascular Disease, Degenerative Disease, and Metal Toxicity

Cited by 7 publications

References 247 publications

Chelation in metal intoxication: influence of cysteine or N‐acetyl cysteine on the efficacy of 2,3‐dimercaptopropane‐1‐sulphonate in the treatment of cadmium toxicity

Chelation in metal intoxication: influence of cysteine or N‐acetyl cysteine on the efficacy of 2,3‐dimercaptopropane‐1‐sulphonate in the treatment of cadmium toxicity

Chelation therapy to treat atherosclerosis, particularly in diabetes: is it time to reconsider?

EDTA chelation therapy alone and in combination with oral high-dose multivitamins and minerals for coronary disease: The factorial group results of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy

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