The Provenance of Selected Neoproterozoic to Lower Paleozoic Basin Successions of Southwest Gondwana: A Review and Proposal for Further Research

Zimmermann, Udo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68920-3_21

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…1). It was connected to the opening and closing of the marginal Puncoviscana basin in late Ediacaran and early Cambrian time Ježek et al, 1985;Keppie and Bahlburg, 1999;Zimmermann, 2005Zimmermann, , 2018Escayola et al, 2007Escayola et al, , 2011. There is no direct evidence of the Pampean magmatic arc in either Bolivia or southern Peru.…”

Section: ■ the Neoproterozoic Rock Record Of The Central Andesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The missing link of Rodinia breakup in western South America: A petrographical, geochemical, and zircon Pb-Hf isotope study of the volcanosedimentary Chilla beds (Altiplano, Bolivia)

et al. 2020

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The assembly of Rodinia involved the collision of eastern Laurentia with southwestern Amazonia at ca. 1 Ga. The tectonostratigraphic record of the central Andes records a gap of ∼300 m.y. between 1000 Ma and 700 Ma, i.e., from the beginning of the Neoproterozoic Era to the youngest part of the Cryogenian Period. This gap encompasses the time of final assembly and breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent in this region. We present new petrographic and whole-rock geochemical data and U-Pb ages combined with Hf isotope data of detrital zircons from the volcanosedimentary Chilla beds exposed on the Altiplano southwest of La Paz, Bolivia. The presence of basalt to andesite lavas and tuffs of continental tholeiitic affinity provides evidence of a rift setting for the volcanics and, by implication, the associated sedimentary rocks. U-Pb ages of detrital zircons (n = 124) from immature, quartz-intermediate sandstones have a limited range between 1737 and 925 Ma. A youngest age cluster (n = 3) defines the maximum depositional age of 925 ± 12 Ma. This is considered to coincide with the age of deposition because Cryogenian and younger ages so typical of Phanerozoic units of this region are absent from the data. The zircon age distribution shows maxima between 1300 and 1200 Ma (37% of all ages), the time of the Rondônia–San Ignacio and early Sunsás (Grenville) orogenies in southwestern Amazonia. A provenance mixing model considering the Chilla beds, Paleozoic Andean units, and data from eastern Laurentia Grenville sources shows that >90% of the clastic input was likely derived from Amazonia. This is also borne out by multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis of the data. We also applied MDS analysis to combinations of U-Pb age and Hf isotope data, namely εHf(t) and 176Hf/177Hf values, and demonstrate again a very close affinity of the Chilla beds detritus to Amazonian sources. We conclude that the Chilla beds represent the first and hitherto only evidence of Rodinia breakup in Tonian time in Andean South America.

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Section: ■ the Neoproterozoic Rock Record Of The Central Andesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The missing link of Rodinia breakup in western South America: A petrographical, geochemical, and zircon Pb-Hf isotope study of the volcanosedimentary Chilla beds (Altiplano, Bolivia)

et al. 2020

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“…Lancaster, 1981; Heine, 1982; Partridge & Maud, 1987; Thomas & Shaw, 1991; Bootsman, 1998; Moore, 1999; Haddon, 2005; Partridge et al ., 2006; Miller, 2014; Thomas & Burrough, 2016). The ages, and to some extent the Hf isotope characteristics of potential sources in crystalline basement, and sedimentary precursors in the region are relatively well‐constrained by published data (Zieger et al ., 2019, 2021 and reviews in Andersen et al ., 2016b, 2018a and Zimmermann, 2018). This makes the region a useful ‘natural laboratory’ in which the recycling processes and their consequences can be studied in some detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital zircon in an active sedimentary recycling system: Challenging the ‘source‐to‐sink’ approach to zircon‐based provenance analysis

2022

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The age and properties of detrital zircon in a sediment reflect properties of the rocks in which the zircon crystallized, and not necessarily the immediate precursor of the host sediment. Where clastic sediments are recycled, these properties are preserved so that U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf data on zircon grains will no longer give information on the routing of detritus. Because the crustal evolution and sedimentary recycling history of Southern Africa is well-established, Holocene sediments in the region provide a good test example for detrital zircon geochronology applied to sands or sandstones with a complex recycling history. Data from 16 samples of unconsolidated sand, including dunes from the southern part of the Kalahari Basin, beach sands at the Atlantic coast, and isolated inland dune occurrences, yield ranges of early Mesozoic to late Archaean ages. Uranium-lead and lutetium-hafnium isotope data provide no evidence of direct derivation of zircon from protosources in crystalline bedrock. The complex distribution patterns can be decomposed into seven 'provenance components' that have previously been encountered in Palaeoproterozoic to Jurassic sedimentary rocks in the region. These components occur in non-random combinations, in proportions that suggest mixing of recycled material from different sedimentary precursors. Taking pre-Cenozoic geology, Cretaceous to Pleistocene drainage history of southern Africa and Holocene wind and current patterns into account, it is possible to work out a consistent model for transport of detritus from sedimentary precursors into the basin, followed by aeolian remobilization within the basin itself. The detrital zircon distributions can thus be interpreted from prior knowledge of the basin filling history, regional geology, geomorphology, drainage evolution and wind pattern. This amounts to a line of reasoning from 'sink back to (intermediate) 'source', which is the opposite of the '(proto)source-to-sink' paradigm commonly invoked in detrital zircon studies.

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“…The favourable properties of crystalline zircon have made U-Pb ages from detrital zircon in clastic sediments a much-used tool for provenance identification and correlation of sedimentary strata (e.g. Zimmermann, 2018). Furthermore, the trace-element signature can be used to identify the types of igneous rocks contributing material to a basin (Belousova et al 2002;Griffin et al 2004;Veevers & Saeed, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-system behaviour of detrital zircon during weathering: an example from the Palaeoproterozoic Pretoria Group, South Africa

Andersen

Elburg

2021

Geol. Mag.

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Detrital zircon in six surface samples of sandstone and contact metamorphic quartzite of the Magaliesberg and Rayton formations of the Pretoria Group (depositional age c. 2.20–2.06 Ga) show a major age fraction at 2.35–2.20 Ga, and minor early Palaeoproterozoic – Neoarchaean fractions. Trace-element concentrations vary widely, with Ti, Y and light rare earth elements (LREEs) spanning over three orders of magnitude. REE distribution patterns range from typical zircon patterns (LREE depletion, heavy REE enrichment, well-developed positive Ce and negative Eu anomalies) to patterns that are flat to concave downwards, with indistinct Ce and Eu anomalies. The change in REE pattern correlates with increases in alteration-sensitive parameters such as Ti concentration and (Dy/Sm) + (Dy/Nd), U–Pb discordance and content of common lead, and with a gradual washing-out of oscillatory zoning in cathodoluminescence images. U and Th concentrations also increase, but Th/U behaves erratically. Discordant zircon scatters along lead-loss lines to zero-age lower intercepts, suggesting that the isotopic and chemical variations are the results of disturbance long after deposition. The rocks sampled have been in a surface-near position (at least) since Late Cretaceous time, and exposed to deep weathering under intermittently hot and humid conditions. In this environment, even elements commonly considered as relatively insoluble could be mobilized locally, and taken up by radiation-damaged zircon. Such secondary alteration effects on U–Pb and trace elements can be expected in zircon in any ancient sedimentary rock that has been exposed to tropical–subtropical weathering, which needs to be considered when interpreting detrital zircon data.

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The Provenance of Selected Neoproterozoic to Lower Paleozoic Basin Successions of Southwest Gondwana: A Review and Proposal for Further Research

Cited by 9 publications

References 135 publications

The missing link of Rodinia breakup in western South America: A petrographical, geochemical, and zircon Pb-Hf isotope study of the volcanosedimentary Chilla beds (Altiplano, Bolivia)

The missing link of Rodinia breakup in western South America: A petrographical, geochemical, and zircon Pb-Hf isotope study of the volcanosedimentary Chilla beds (Altiplano, Bolivia)

Detrital zircon in an active sedimentary recycling system: Challenging the ‘source‐to‐sink’ approach to zircon‐based provenance analysis

Open-system behaviour of detrital zircon during weathering: an example from the Palaeoproterozoic Pretoria Group, South Africa

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