The provenance of siliceous rocks from the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland (Poland) used as raw-materials in the manufacture of siliceous artefacts from Central-Eastern Europe; An old problem in new light

Matyszkiewicz, Jacek; Kochman, Alicja

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102600

Cited by 8 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The features presented here fit the general characteristics of the bipolar-on-anvil debitage obtained during experimental studies 52,53 . However, the presence of big butts 56,57 (e.g.…”

Section: Lithic Assemblagesupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Chert nodules do not occur naturally in caves in the region. Although chert occurs here in limestones, these represent other limestone facies (deep-water bedded limestones with marls and olistoliths) than the facies where the caves developed (massive limestone from carbonate build-ups) 53 . The nearest outcrops of the raw material can currently be found in the bottom of the gorge, ca.…”

Section: Lithic Assemblagementioning

confidence: 91%

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Frontiers of the Lower Palaeolithic expansion in Europe: Tunel Wielki Cave (Poland)

Kot

Berto

Krajcarz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Peopling of Central Europe by Middle Pleistocene hominids is highly debatable, mainly due to the relatively harsh climatic and environmental conditions that require cultural and anatomical adjustments. At least several archaeological sites certify human occupation in the region dated back to MIS 13-11, but they represent open-air settlements. Based on the new fieldwork conducted in Tunel Wielki Cave, we can date the human occupation traces in the cave to MIS 14-12. Bipolar-on-anvil knapping technique prevails in the lithic assemblage, made exclusively in flint. The obtained results have given ground for studying the frontiers of human oikumene and the required cultural adaptive abilities.

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“…The features presented here fit the general characteristics of the bipolar-on-anvil debitage obtained during experimental studies 52,53 . However, the presence of big butts 56,57 (e.g.…”

Section: Lithic Assemblagesupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Lithic Assemblagementioning

confidence: 91%

Frontiers of the Lower Palaeolithic expansion in Europe: Tunel Wielki Cave (Poland)

Kot

Berto

Krajcarz

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Unconformities may occur between the series of bands. This internal structure is typical for bedded cherts, the type of chert described from Kraków-Częstochowa Upland by Matyszkiewicz and Kochman (2020) and Kochman et al (2020): a nucleus represents an initial chert concretion and the silica around represents growth bands.…”

Section: Macro-and Microscopic Characterisation Of the Raw Materialsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Striped Flint in Archaeological Materials Around the Outcrops of the Kraków-Częstochowa Striped Flint Variety

Sudoł-Procyk

Malak

Binnebesel

et al. 2022

apolona

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Many varieties of siliceous raw materials can be found in the territory of Poland. Known exclusively from in situ outcrops in the Holy Cross Mountains area until recently, striped flint is distinctive in terms of its technical and visual features. The authors present the state of knowledge about the variety of striped flint from the Ryczów Upland, the outcrops of which were found only about a decade ago. New data obtained from the central part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland has cast interesting light on the issues of the origin of striped flint and the ways it was used by the prehistoric communities inhabiting the region. Identifying the sites of siliceous rocks outcrops, extraction and distribution are extremely important at not only the local but also trans-regional level.

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“…Logically, one would expect that the basic diagnostic criterion of “chocolate flint” should be color, but this feature is variable and thus remains practically undefined (cf. Matyszkiewicz & Kochman, 2020 and references therein). This chert variety occurs mostly in the form of homogenous structureless concretions, showing locally scarce microbands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and petrology of striped chert as a provenance tool for artefacts from the KRZEMIONKI NEOLITHIC mining area (Poland)

Migaszewski

Gałuszka

Migaszewski³

2022

Archaeometry

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A prehistoric flint mine in Krzemionki with a neighboring area covers at least 2,300‐year history of striped chert extraction and dressing, spanning the age bracket of 3900 through 1600 B.C. The striped cherts occur in the form of concretions (nodules) varying from centimeters to at least 2 m across. This paper presents updated results of petrological and geochemical study of these siliceous rocks using optical and scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis (major/trace elements), and laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐quadrupole mass spectrometry (rare earth elements). Striped chert concretions show strong light REENASC enrichments in relation to heavy REENASC; distinctly positive Eu, Pr, Tb, Ho, and Tm anomalies (≥1.2); as well as predominantly low (<0.6) Al2O3/Al2O3 + Fe2O3 + Mn2O3 ratios. These features discriminate these siliceous rocks from most chert occurrences in Europe. Microanalysis of individual concretions has confirmed multiphase provenance of striped chert concretions as evidenced by variations in concentrations of REE and other minor and trace elements. These characteristic markers may be used as geochemical proxies for studying the chert geologic/geographic origin and for sourcing of chert artefacts.

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The provenance of siliceous rocks from the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland (Poland) used as raw-materials in the manufacture of siliceous artefacts from Central-Eastern Europe; An old problem in new light

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Frontiers of the Lower Palaeolithic expansion in Europe: Tunel Wielki Cave (Poland)

Frontiers of the Lower Palaeolithic expansion in Europe: Tunel Wielki Cave (Poland)

Striped Flint in Archaeological Materials Around the Outcrops of the Kraków-Częstochowa Striped Flint Variety

Geochemistry and petrology of striped chert as a provenance tool for artefacts from the KRZEMIONKI NEOLITHIC mining area (Poland)

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