The psychological consequences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for family members of patients at risk for sudden death.

Dracup, Kathleen; Moser, Debra K.; Taylor, Shelley E.; Guzy, Peter M.

doi:10.2105/ajph.87.9.1434

Cited by 60 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The estimated rate of CPR training in this target group ranges between 9% and 47%. [56][57][58][59][60][61] Although the addition of counselling to deal with the stress associated with being a potential CPR provider may be required, 62,63 CPR training has been shown to reduce anxiety and increase emotional adjustment and the sense of empowerment in family members of cardiac arrest survivors. [64][65][66] Family members of individuals with cardiac disease should be trained in CPR.…”

Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Vaillancourt

Stiell

Wells

2008

CJEM

144

110

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Objectives: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial yet weak link in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We sought to understand the determinants of bystander CPR and the factors associated with successful training. Methods: For this systematic review, we searched 11 electronic databases, 1 trial registry and 9 scientific websites. We performed hand searches and contacted 6 content experts. We reviewed without restriction all communications pertaining to who should learn CPR, what should be taught, when to repeat training, where to give CPR instructions and why people lack the motivation to learn and perform CPR. We used standardized forms to review papers for inclusion, quality and data extraction. We grouped publications by category and classified recommendations using a standardized classification system that was based on level of evidence. Results: We reviewed 2409 articles and selected 411 for complete evaluation. We included 252 of the 411 papers in this systematic review. Differences in their study design precluded a meta-analysis. We classified 22 recommendations; those with the highest scores were 1) 9-1-1 dispatchassisted CPR instructions, 2) teaching CPR to family members of cardiac patients, 3) Braslow's selftraining video, 4) maximizing time spent using manikins and 5) teaching the concepts of ambiguity and diffusion of responsibility. Recommendations not supported by evidence include mass training events, pulse taking prior to CPR by laymen and CPR using chest compressions alone. Conclusion:We evaluated and classified the potential impact of interventions that have been proposed to improve bystander CPR rates. Our results may help communities design interventions to improve their bystander CPR rates. RÉSUMÉ Objectifs : La réanimation cardio-respiratoire (RCR) est un maillon essentiel, quoique faible, de la chaîne de survie lors de la survenue d'un arrêt cardiaque hors de l'hôpital. Nous avons cherché à comprendre les déterminants du taux de passants pouvant administrer la RCR et les facteurs liés à une formation efficace. Méthodes : Dans le cadre de cette revue systématique, nous avons analysé 11 bases de données électroniques, un registre d'essais cliniques et neuf sites Web scientifiques. Nous avons réalisé des recherches manuelles et communiqué avec six experts du contenu. Nous avons examiné sans restriction toutes les communications portant sur les questions suivantes : qui devrait apprendre la RCR, ce qu'on devrait enseigner, QUAND la formation devrait être renouvelée, où les cours de

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Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Vaillancourt

Stiell

Wells

2008

CJEM

144

110

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“…15 Institutional Review Board approval was sought and obtained through routine mechanisms at each of five metropolitan hospitals. Additionally, the agreement of the medical and nursing NICU personnel involved in caring for infants and families was obtained at each institution.…”

Section: Sample and Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale has been validated in a variety of populations, including cardiac patients and their families and parents of children with cancer. 14,15 Cronbach's alpha was used to test reliability in the current study. Internal consistency scores for the subscales were: health care orientation, 0.53; vocational environment, 0.67; domestic environment, 0.63; sexual relationships, 0.76; extended family relationships, 0.59; social environment, 0.84; psychological distress, 0.85.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Psychosocial Adjustment of Mothers and Fathers of High-Risk Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

1999

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OBJECTIVE:To compare the psychosocial adjustment of mothers and fathers to the birth of a premature or critically ill infant hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). STUDY DESIGN:Using a comparative design, we studied 165 mother and father pairs of highrisk neonates. Mothers were 29.1 Ϯ 6.7 and fathers were 30.7 Ϯ 6.8 years old. All infants were hospitalized in the NICU. Couples completed questionnaires in either English or Spanish during the infant's NICU stay. RESULTS:Mothers were more poorly adjusted and were more anxious, hostile, and depressed than fathers, but both parents experienced levels of emotional distress significantly above normative values. Mothers and fathers reported equal levels of family functioning and social support and shared similar feelings of control related to the health status of their infant. CONCLUSION:The birth of an infant who requires care in the NICU environment is highly stressful for both parents. Physicians, nurses, and other health professionals working in the NICU should assess the psychosocial adjustment in both parents, but mothers may require more intense education and counseling to reduce the distress they experience.More than 100,000 infants are admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) each year. 1 Both mothers and fathers of infants in the NICU face many uncertainties, including their infant's future, their reaction to the infant's birth, their ability to safeguard an infant at risk for cardiopulmonary arrest, and the financial impact of the infant's illness on the family. 2-7 The highly technical environment of the NICU can overwhelm parents and increase their perception that their baby is abnormal or vulnerable. 8 Because mothers have been the predominant focus of previous research, the purpose of the current study was to compare the psychosocial responses of mothers and fathers to the NICU hospitalization of their infant.Several researchers have identified specific aspects of the NICU environment that cause distress in parents. 4,9 However, a comparison of mothers' and fathers' stress in relation to the NICU has been the focus of only one study. Miles and colleagues 11 found that mothers reported the NICU to be more stressful than fathers did, and both found the environment more stressful during the first week of NICU hospitalization than 1 week later. Stress related to parental role alteration decreased more in mothers than in fathers. Paternal anxiety was related to adopting the parental role and to uncertainty related to the child's future. In contrast, maternal anxiety was more diffuse and not directly related to these factors. This study was limited by a small sample size (23 couples) and focused on a comparison of mothers' and fathers' anxiety rather than the broader area of psychosocial adjustment.Previous research related to parental psychosocial adaptation to the birth of a premature or critically ill infant has focused almost exclusively on mothers. 2,3,5,7 When both parents have been included, researchers have focused on the post...

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“…These concerns led to a brief interruption in study enrollment. However, prior investigations have suggested that parents are indeed able to learn CPR at discharge, despite high levels of anxiety (Dracup, Moser, Doering, & Guzy, 1997a;Dracup et al 1997bDracup et al , 1998Moser et al, 1999;Schlessel et al, 1995), and that proper CPR education is a high priority for families. CPR training promotes a sense of control in the majority of parents, which should mitigate any concerns about CPR discharge teaching to parents with high stress or anxiety levels (Dracup, Moser, Guzy, Taylor, & Marsden, 1994;Higgins, Hardy, & Higashino, 1989;Schlessel et al, 1995;Louis, Carter, & Eisenberg, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children discharged from the hospital with high-risk medical conditions are at risk for cardiopulmonary arrest, leading to high levels of anxiety and emotional distress for parents (Dracup, Moser, Taylor, & Guzy, 1997b;Moser, Dracup, & Doering, 1999). Although there is consensus that CPR training for parents of highrisk children at hospital discharge is necessary, proper execution of this training continues to pose challenges (Dracup, Doering, Moser, & Abstract: Pediatric patients with chronic disease are at risk for cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA).…”

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confidence: 99%

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2013

Journal for Healthcare Quality

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The psychological consequences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for family members of patients at risk for sudden death.

Cited by 60 publications

References 33 publications

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Comparison of Psychosocial Adjustment of Mothers and Fathers of High-Risk Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

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