The psychological effects of COVID-19 on hospital workers at the beginning of the outbreak with a large disease cluster on the Diamond Princess cruise ship

Ide, Kaori; Asami, Takeshi; Suda, Akira; Yoshimi, Asuka; Fujita, Junichi; Nomoto, Munetaka; Roppongi, Tomohide; Hino, Kousuke; Takahashi, Yuichi; Watanabe, K.; Shimada, Tomoko; Hamasaki, Toyoko; Endo, Emi; Kaneko, Tomoko; Suzuki, Michiko; Kubota, Kazumi; Saigusa, Yusuke; Kato, Hideaki; Odawara, Toshinari; Nakajima, Hitoshi; Takeuchi, Ichiro; Goto, Takahisa; Aihara, Michiko; Hishimoto, Akitoyo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245294

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We then analyzed the quality of health using the 28-item General Health Questionary and found that the case rate was significantly higher in women than men (78.4 vs. 61.3%, p < 0.001). Our data is similar to other studies that report proportions between 45.8 and 80.6% ( 61 – 63 ). These results must be interpreted with caution, as women already have a worse self-reported quality of life, according to the analysis of the World Health Survey of 59 countries ( 64 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Gender-Based Analysis of the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers in Spain

et al. 2021

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Purpose: This study aims to analyze from a gender perspective the psychological distress experienced by the medical workforce during the peak of the pandemic in Spain.Methods: This is a single-center, observational analytic study. The study population comprised all associated health workers of the Cruces University Hospital, invited by email to participate in the survey. It consisted of a form covering demographic data, the general health questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and the perceived stress scale (PSS-14). We used multivariant regression analysis to check the effect of gender on the scores. We used gender analysis in both design and interpretation of data following SAGER guidelines.Results: Females made 74.6% of our sample, but their proportion was higher in lower-paid positions such as nursery (89.9%) than in higher-paid ones. The percentage of women categorized as cases with the GHQ-28 was 78.4%, a proportion significantly higher than in the male population (61.3%, p < 0.001). The multivariant regression analysis showed that being women, working as orderly hospital porters, and having a past psychiatric history were risk factors for higher scores in both the GHQ-28 and PSS-14.Conclusion: Women and those with lower-paid positions were at risk of higher psychological distress and worse quality of life within the medical workforce during the first wave of the pandemic. Gender analysis must be incorporated to analyze this fact better.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Gender-Based Analysis of the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers in Spain

et al. 2021

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“…For healthcare workers other than physicians and nurses, one study reported that anxiety was significantly higher, but depression was comparable. 69 Another study conducted on a cruise ship during the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic in Japan reported that distress was significantly stronger among clerical workers than physicians or nurses, 70 which are consistent with the results of the current study. Even in healthcare workers, inadequate medical knowledge was reported to be associated with increased levels of anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Psychological burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits on medical workers under the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesThere are numerous reports on the psychological burden of medical workers after the COVID-19 outbreak; however, no study has examined the influence of developmental characteristics on the mental health of medical workers. The objective of this study was to examine whether the developmental characteristics of medical workers are associated with anxiety and depression after the COVID-19 outbreak.DesignWe conducted an online cross-sectional questionnaire survey in October 2020.Participants and settingThe data of 640 medical workers were analysed. The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic data, changes in their life after the COVID-19 outbreak and symptoms of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits and autism spectrum disorder traits.Main outcomesDepression symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms were assessed by the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed to test the effects of developmental characteristics on depression and anxiety symptoms after controlling for sociodemographic factors and changes in participants’ lives after the COVID-19 outbreak.ResultsIncreases in physical and psychological burden were observed in 49.1% and 78.3% of the subjects, respectively. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that ADHD traits were significantly associated with both depression (β=0.390, p<0.001) and anxiety (β=0.426, p<0.001). Autistic traits were significantly associated with depression (β=0.069, p<0.05) but not anxiety. Increased physical and psychological burden, being female, medical workers other than physicians and nurses, fear of COVID-19 and experience of discrimination were also significantly associated with both depression and anxiety.ConclusionGlobally, the burden on medical workers increased. This study suggested that medical workers with higher ADHD traits may need special attention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…Ide et al mentioned the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors on hospital workers at the beginning of the pandemic with the outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship. 27 The study period of Ide et al was between the end of March and the beginning of April 2020, which was approximately half a month after ours. Healthcare providers at both high and low risks of infection who worked in hospitals and cared for patients with COVID-19 reported experiencing psychological distress at the beginning of the outbreak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Healthcare providers at both high and low risks of infection who worked in hospitals and cared for patients with COVID-19 reported experiencing psychological distress at the beginning of the outbreak. 27 Feelings of being isolated and of discrimination or COVID-19-related stigmatisation were also investigated. 28 These feelings represent further stress that contributes to a mental health crisis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health crisis in healthcare providers in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional facility-based survey

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesDuring a pandemic, healthcare providers experience increased mental and physical burden. Burnout can lead to treatment errors, patient mortality, increased suicidal ideation and substance abuse as well as medical malpractice suits among medical staff. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of burnout, acute stress disorder, anxiety disorder and depressive disorder among healthcare providers at the third month of the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignA cross-sectional facility-based survey.SettingHospitals around the country with different levels of care.ParticipantsA total of 1795 respondents, including 360 men and 1435 women who participated in the survey.Primary outcome measuresBurnout was assessed using the Physician Work Life Study. A score of ≥3 implied burnout.ResultsOf the 1795 respondents, 723 (40.3%) reported burnout, and 669 (37.3%) cared for patients with COVID-19. Anxiety levels were mild in 185 (10.3%) respondents, moderate in 209 (11.6%) and severe in 1401 (78.1%). The mean Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 score was 9.5±6.3, and 817 (45.5%) respondents were classified as having depression. Factors associated with burnout were working in acute and critical care (ACC) divisions (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.84, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.39, p=0.019), caring for patients with COVID-19 (aOR=3.90, 95% CI 1.14 to 13.37, p=0.031) and having depressive disorder (aOR=9.44, 95% CI 7.44 to 11.97, p<0.001).ConclusionsPhysicians and nurses are vulnerable to burnout during a pandemic, especially those working in ACC divisions. Anxiety disorder, depressive disorder and care of patients with COVID-19 may be factors that influence the occurrence of burnout among healthcare providers.

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The psychological effects of COVID-19 on hospital workers at the beginning of the outbreak with a large disease cluster on the Diamond Princess cruise ship

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Gender-Based Analysis of the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers in Spain

Gender-Based Analysis of the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers in Spain

Psychological burden of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder traits on medical workers under the COVID-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey

Mental health crisis in healthcare providers in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional facility-based survey

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