The psychosocial aspects of children exposed to war: practice and policy initiatives

Barenbaum, Joshua; Ruchkin, Vladislav; Schwab‐Stone, Mary

doi:10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00304.x

Cited by 286 publications

(290 citation statements)

References 180 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…There is little doubt that experiences of violence and loss in situations of armed con£ict are related to heightened levels of psychological distress. Such distress has been most commonly measured using the language and constructs of Western psychiatry, in particular posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression (Barenbaum, Ruchkin & Schwab-Stone, 2004;de Jong, 2002;Miller & Rasco, 2004). However, the link between war exposure and distress has also been found in studies using locally derived measures of (and constructs related to) mental health and psychosocial functioning (van Duijl, Nijenhuis, Komproe, Gernaat & de Jong, 2009;Fernando, 2008;Jenkins, 1996;Miller, Omidian, Qurashy, Nasiry, Quarshy, Nasiry, Karyar & Yaqubi, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily stressors in the lives of Sri Lankan youth: a mixed methods approach to assessment in a context of war and natural disaster

Miller¹,

Fernando²,

Berger³

2009

Intervention

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This paper describes the use of a mixed methods design to develop the Sri Lankan Children' s Daily Stressor Scale (CDSS). It brie£y describes its use in a study assessing the relative contribution of daily stressors on the one hand, and war and disaster exposure on the other, to young people' s mental health and psychosocial wellbeing.The authors discuss the neglect of daily stressors; the stressful social and material conditions of everyday life in settings of armed con£ict and natural disaster and o¡er a rationale for the importance of assessing daily stressors when seeking to understand and address mental health and psychosocial needs of con£ict and disaster a¡ected youth. A central focus of the paper is on the unique value of a mixed methods approach to contextually sound measure development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily stressors in the lives of Sri Lankan youth: a mixed methods approach to assessment in a context of war and natural disaster

Miller¹,

Fernando²,

Berger³

2009

Intervention

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“…Most reviews on child mental health in conditions of war, terrorist attacks and disasters note that children show 'amazing' level of resilience [38,39]. Yet, the conclusion is predominantly based on research results showing a lack of expected psychiatric symptoms or absence of correlations between severity of trauma and PTSD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Mental Health Function of Resilience in Condition of Military Siege and Violence in a Palestinian Community Sample

Abu¹

2015

J Psychiatry

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Aims: The study had two aims: First, we assess the prevalence of resilience based on the person-based classification depicting a balance between the severity of trauma and occurrence of PTSD. Second, we examine the role of resilience characteristics of commitment, control and challenge in protecting children's mental health from negative trauma impacts. Methods:The participants were 386 Palestinian children and adolescents from Gaza (age 13.41+2.96, 52.07% boys and 47.93% girls). The results revealed a 25% prevalence of resilient children, and resilience was more common in well-educated families and children from geographical areas exposed to heavily Israeli shelling and destruction. Children were interviewed by sociodemographic scale, Gaza Traumatic Events Checklist, Child Depression and Anxiety Scale, UCLA PTSD Index for DSM-IV-Adolescent Version, and Resilience Attitude Scale.Results: There were generally no gender differences in the exposure to traumatic events, as all. Neither were there gender differences in the mean number of traumatic events related to Israeli military violence or Palestinian factional fighting. According to the DSM-IV criterion, 12.4% of the children and adolescents reported probable PTSD, and 22.37% filled the two criteria partial PTSD, and 26.7% the one criteria partial PTSD (re-experiencing or avoidance or hyper arousal). More than a third (38.4% of the children did not have PTSD. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in PTSD. For depression and anxiety, boys and girls did not differ in the levels of PTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Also only one marginal gender difference was found concerning resilience characteristics: girls reported more feelings of control than boys. The results revealed that 25.0% of the participants was classified as resilient indicating presence of high exposure to traumatic events and absence of PTSD and 22.2% as traumatized, i.e., presence of both high exposure to trauma and occurrence of PTSD. Of the children 12.7% were classified as vulnerable, and 40.1% were spared of both high trauma and PTSD. As hypothesized, resilience characteristics protected children's mental health from trauma, e.g., military trauma was less associated with PTSD and anxiety among children showing high commitment. Discussion focuses on specific functions of resilience in the context of different kind of traumatic events of war, political and military violence.

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“…Schon Beobachtungen von Freud und Burlingham 1943und 1944 Barenbaum et al, 2004;Fazel u. Stein, 2002;Jensen u. Shaw, 1993;Keyes, 2000;Lustig et al, 2004).…”

Section: Der Prozess Der Akkulturationunclassified

Seelische Probleme von Migrantenkindern und ihren Familien

Adam¹

2009

Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie

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Adam, Hubertus Seelische Probleme von Migrantenkindern und ihren FamilienPraxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie 58 (2009) Seelische Probleme von Migrantenkindern und ihren Familien Hubertus Adam Summary Mental Problems of Migrant Children and heir FamiliesMigration and light oten involve a change of culture and psychological traumatisation, but do not necessarily lead to psychological problems in children and their families. However, depending on additional psychic and social stressors, they are more vulnerable. When they seek counselling or treatment, cultural adjustment and trauma are usually the subject. Children born in the country of origin or growing up in the host country in the following generations are confronted with ambivalent feelings regarding their own past and that of their parents, and must deal with both their own and their parent's hopes and expectations for the future. Depending on individual resources and coping strategies, they may develop psychological problems. Counselling services, psychotherapeutic institutions and schools are seldom suficiently prepared or equipped for dealing with these children and families' concerns. his article describes the challenges they face.Prax. Kinderpsychol. Kinderpsychiat. 58/2009, 244-262 Keywords migration -refugee -children -youth -school -reconciliation -coping ZusammenfassungMigration und Flucht, der damit ot verbundene Wechsel der Kultur bzw. die erlittene psychische Traumatisierung führen nicht zwangsläuig bei Kindern und deren Familien zu psychischen Aufälligkeiten. Die Betrofenen sind aber in Abhängigkeit zusätzlicher psychischer und sozialer Stressoren für solche anfälliger und bringen -kommen sie in Beratung oder Behandlung -diese hematik meist in die Behandlung mit ein. Die Kinder, noch im Herkuntsland geboren, Flüchtlingskinder oder in den folgenden Generationen im Aufnahmeland lebend, sehen sich ambivalenten Gefühlen bezüglich der eigenen Vergangenheit bzw. der Vergangenheit der Eltern ausgesetzt und müssen sich mit eigenen Hofnungen und Erwartungen hinsichtlich der Zukunt bzw. mit denen der Eltern auseinandersetzen. Sie können

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The psychosocial aspects of children exposed to war: practice and policy initiatives

Cited by 286 publications

References 180 publications

Daily stressors in the lives of Sri Lankan youth: a mixed methods approach to assessment in a context of war and natural disaster

Daily stressors in the lives of Sri Lankan youth: a mixed methods approach to assessment in a context of war and natural disaster

Prevalence and Mental Health Function of Resilience in Condition of Military Siege and Violence in a Palestinian Community Sample

Seelische Probleme von Migrantenkindern und ihren Familien

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