The pungent-variable sweet chili pepper ‘Shishito’ (Capsicum annuum) provides insights regarding the relationship between pungency, the number of seeds, and gene expression involving capsaicinoid biosynthesis

Kondo, Fumiya; Hatakeyama, Kanami; Sakai, Ayana; Minami, Mineo; Nemoto, Kazuhiro; Matsushima, Kenichi

doi:10.1007/s00438-021-01763-4

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These TFs have been typically associated with environmental stress responses and defense, although important levels of the transcripts of several CaWRKYs have been detected during fruit ripening [ 45 ]. For example, recent evidence has demonstrated that WRKY9 could be associated with pungency and capsaicinoid content in chili pepper fruits [ 46 ]. Among the TF candidates proposed in this work, CaWRKY22 has been described as a positive regulator of innate immunity against Ralstonia solanacearum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative Transcription Factor Genes Associated with Regulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Chili Pepper Fruits Revealed by RNA-Seq Coexpression Analysis

Villa-Rivera

Vega

Ochoa-Alejo

2022

IJMS

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During the ripening process, the pericarp of chili pepper (Capsicum spp.) fruits accumulates large amounts of carotenoids. Although the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in the Capsicum genus has been widely studied from different perspectives, the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes has not been elucidated in this fruit. We analyzed RNA-Seq transcriptomic data from the fruits of 12 accessions of Capsicum annuum during the growth, development, and ripening processes using the R package named Salsa. We performed coexpression analyses between the standardized expression of genes encoding carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes (target genes (TGs)) and the genes of all expressed transcription factors (TFs). Additionally, we analyzed the promoter region of each biosynthetic gene to identify putative binding sequences for each selected TF candidate. We selected 83 TFs as putative regulators of the carotenogenic structural genes. From them, putative binding sites in the promoters of the carotenoid-biosynthesis-related structural genes were found for only 54 TFs. These results could guide the search for transcription factors involved in the regulation of the carotenogenic pathway in chili pepper fruits and might facilitate the collection of corresponding experimental evidence to corroborate their participation in the regulation of this biosynthetic pathway in Capsicum spp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative Transcription Factor Genes Associated with Regulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Chili Pepper Fruits Revealed by RNA-Seq Coexpression Analysis

Villa-Rivera

Vega

Ochoa-Alejo

2022

IJMS

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“…MYB31 is specifically expressed in placental tissue and activates the transcription of capsaicinoid biosynthesis-related genes, resulting in genus-specialized metabolite production. Additionally, an increase in the expression of MYB31 (from C. chinense) caused by natural variations in its promoter allowed for the binding of the transcriptional activator WRKY9 and triggered an increase in the expression of capsaicinoid biosynthesis-related genes (Table 1) [67,68].…”

Section: Transcriptional Regulation Of Capsaicinoids Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Regulation of Ripening in Chili Pepper Fruits (Capsicum spp.)

Villa-Rivera

Ochoa-Alejo

2021

IJMS

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Chili peppers represent a very important horticultural crop that is cultivated and commercialized worldwide. The ripening process makes the fruit palatable, desirable, and attractive, thus increasing its quality and nutritional value. This process includes visual changes, such as fruit coloration, flavor, aroma, and texture. Fruit ripening involves a sequence of physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes that must be finely regulated at the transcriptional level. In this review, we integrate current knowledge about the transcription factors involved in the regulation of different stages of the chili pepper ripening process.

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“…In the present study, capsaicinoid analysis and analysis of the expression levels of genes involved in the capsaicinoid biosynthesis pathway (Fig. 1) were carried out using separated placental septum tissue as described by Kondo et al (2021b). The placental septum of fruit at 20 and 30 DAF were vertically separated; one half was lyophilized for capsaicinoid extraction, and the other half kept at −80°C for RNA isolation.…”

Section: Pre-sample Preparation For Capsaicinoid Analysis and Rna Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Stress Induced an Increase in the Pungency and Expression of Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis Genes in Chili Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.)

et al. 2021

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The amounts of taste components, including those for pungency, in chili pepper fruit change depending on environmental factors. Our previous study revealed that the amount of capsaicinoid was significantly increased in chili pepper fruits that were cultivated under a drought stress condition. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted to determine the effect of drought stress on pungency and the expression levels of capsaicinoid biosynthesis genes in chili peppers. Japanese chili pepper cultivars 'Shishito' and 'Sapporo' were selected and cultivated in a greenhouse under a drought stress condition or an excess water supply condition. The fruits were used for morphological analysis, and the quantification of the capsaicinoid content in the placental septum was done using high performance liquid chromatography. Gene expression analysis was carried out using a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for 18 capsaicinoid biosynthesis genes. Based on the obtained gene expression patterns, we divided the 18 genes into three groups. The genes in group 1 (ACL, pAMT, Pun1, WRKY9, CaKR1, CaMYB31, FAT, and KAS I) showed higher gene expression levels in the drought stress condition than in the excess water supply condition in both cultivars at 20 DAF. The genes in group 2 (KAS III, BCKDH, ACS, BCAT, and 4CL) showed higher gene expression levels in the drought stress condition than in the excess water supply condition in only one of the cultivars at 20 DAF. The genes in group 3 (PAL, C3H, HCT, C4H, and COMT) did not show any significant differences in gene expression between the two treatments in either cultivar at all DAF. The genes in our experiment showed similar expression patterns in pungent parthenocarpic fruit and control fruit of 'Shishito' as in a previous study. Moreover, we found that the number of seeds tended to be lower in fruits cultivated under a drought stress condition, while capsaicinoid content was higher. It is possible that drought stress firstly affected the number of seeds in the fruits, and the decrease in the number of seeds subsequently caused changes in capsaicinoid biosynthesis.

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The pungent-variable sweet chili pepper ‘Shishito’ (Capsicum annuum) provides insights regarding the relationship between pungency, the number of seeds, and gene expression involving capsaicinoid biosynthesis

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Putative Transcription Factor Genes Associated with Regulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Chili Pepper Fruits Revealed by RNA-Seq Coexpression Analysis

Putative Transcription Factor Genes Associated with Regulation of Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Chili Pepper Fruits Revealed by RNA-Seq Coexpression Analysis

Transcriptional Regulation of Ripening in Chili Pepper Fruits (Capsicum spp.)

Drought Stress Induced an Increase in the Pungency and Expression of Capsaicinoid Biosynthesis Genes in Chili Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.)

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