“…Several studies confirm the importance of understanding the uneven nature of power relationships in the global clothing economy, in particular between the dominant players of the world's largest retailers and brand marketers on the one hand, and of geographically dispersed manufacturers on the other hand (Crewe and Davenport, 1992;Crewe and Forster, 1993;Gereffi, 1999;Bonacich and Appelbaum, 2000;Gereffi et al, 2002;Hassler, 2004). Large retailers and branded marketers and manufacturers without factories essentially control global networks through their capacity to shape consumption via mass brand names (Dicken and Hassler, 2000;Rosen, 2002;Hassler, 2003aHassler, , 2003bTokatli and Kizilgun, 2004).…”