The purification and characterization of a necrotoxin from tarantula, Dugesiella hentzi (Girard), venom

Lee, Choong K.; Chan, Tak K.; Ward, Billy C.; Howell, D. E.; Odell, George V.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(74)90040-x

Cited by 27 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Covalitoxin-I is a short peptide characterised by the venom of Coremiocnemis validus (Singapore tarantula) to induce myonecrosis in a mouse model [ 47 ]. Another relevant example is a short basic peptide of 6.7 kDa from the tarantula Dugesiella hentzi (Girard) venom, which causes local tissue necrosis and significant histological alterations [ 48 ]. Therefore, the toxic effects on muscle fibres and functional consequences induced by spider venoms may arise due to both catalytically active and/or non-enzymatic components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indian Ornamental Tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) Venom Affects Myoblast Function and Causes Skeletal Muscle Damage

Richards

Alqallaf

Mitchell³

et al. 2023

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Envenomation by the Indian ornamental tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) is medically relevant to humans, both in its native India and worldwide, where they are kept as pets. Muscle-related symptoms such as cramps and pain are commonly reported in humans following envenomation by this species. There is no specific treatment, including antivenom, for its envenomation. Moreover, the scientific knowledge of the impact of this venom on skeletal muscle function is highly limited. Therefore, we carried out this study to better understand the myotoxic properties of Poecilotheria regalis venom by determining its effects in cultured myoblasts and in the tibialis anterior muscle in mice. While there was no effect found on undifferentiated myoblasts, the venom affected differentiated multinucleated myotubes resulting in the reduction of fusion and atrophy of myotubes. Similarly, intramuscular administration of this venom in the tibialis anterior muscle in mice resulted in extensive muscle damage on day 5. However, by day 10, the regeneration was evident, and the regeneration process continued until day 20. Nevertheless, some tissue abnormalities including reduced dystrophin expression and microthrombi presence were observed on day 20. Overall, this study demonstrates the ability of this venom to induce significant muscle damage and affect its regeneration in the early stages. These data provide novel mechanistic insights into this venom-induced muscle damage and guide future studies to isolate and characterise individual toxic component(s) that induce muscle damage and their significance in developing better therapeutics.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indian Ornamental Tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) Venom Affects Myoblast Function and Causes Skeletal Muscle Damage

Richards

Alqallaf

Mitchell³

et al. 2023

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A citotoxicidade já foi relatada para peçonhas de outras aranhas da família Theraphosidae. Lee et al [78] observaram lesões necróticas no miocárdio de camundongos injetados com a peçonha e com uma toxina purificada de Dugesiella hentzi e também aumento da concentração de creatina quinase em camundongos injetados com a toxina purificada. Em um estudo que avaliou a citotoxicidade da peçonha de 30 espécies de artrópodes, sendo 26 espécies de aranhas, Cohen e Quistad [79] observaram que a peçonha de Aphonopelma sp.…”

Section: Efeito Do Bay-k Em áTrios Pré-incubados Com a Toxinaunclassified

Efeitos cardiovasculares da peçonha e de um peptídeo isolado da aranha Vitalius dubius (Araneae, Theraphosidae)

Tamascia¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitalius dubius is a non-aggressive spider of the family Theraphosidae. In this work, we examined the hemodynamic effects of V. dubius venom in anesthetized rats and on isolated right atria; a toxin responsible for some of the effects observed was also purified. The venom was initially tested on the arterial blood pressure of anesthetized rats and on isolated right atria. Gel filtration and ionic exchange chromatographies were used to isolate a toxin, the purity of which was assessed by SDS-PAGE, two-dimensional electrophoresis, reverse phase HPLC and mass spectrometry. The toxin was identified by mass spectrometry after enzymatic digestion and database searches. Tissue damage was evaluated by histological analysis and quantification of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) release from right atria. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the effects observed was assessed by pretreating the rats or isolated atria with L-NAME, a non-selective NO synthase inhibitor. Venom (0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg, i.v.) caused immediate hypotension that was partially reversed during the experiment and a decrease in respiratory rate; the dose of 3 mg/kg also reduced the heart rate and caused sudden death by respiratory arrest. In right atria, venom lowered the atrial contractile force and rate, increased CK-MB release and caused histological alterations. The highest venom concentration (200 g/ml) caused contracture and atrial arrest. Fractionation of the venom by gel filtration yielded six peaks (PI-PVI), with peaks IV and V causing immediate hypotension similar to that seen with the venom, but without affecting the cardiac and respiratory rates or causing sudden death. Peak IV lowered atrial contractile force and rate and caused muscle contracture, CK-MB release and cellular damage. Fractionation of peak IV by HPLC ionic exchange yielded three peaks (PIV 1 -IV 3 ), with only peak IV 3 causing persistent hypotension throughout the experiment and sudden death; there were no changes in cardiac or respiratory rates. Peak IV 3 lowered the atrial contractile force and rate but did not cause muscle contracture, CK-MB release or cellular damage. Peak IV 3 contained a single toxin of 5859 Da with an isoelectric point of 8.35 that showed high homology to toxins U1-TRTX-Lp1a and U1-TRTX-Lp1b from Lasiodora parahybana venom. In anesthetized rats, pre-treatment with L-NAME did not abolish the immediate hypotension caused by the venom but abolished the late hypotension, the decrease in cardiac and respiratory frequencies and the sudden death caused by venom and toxin. Incubation with L-NAME attenuated the toxin-mediated effects in atria. Preincubation of atria with the toxin did not block the action of Bay K 8644 on atrial calcium channels. These results show that the late hypotension, sudden death, and decrease in atrial contractile force caused by V. dubius venom are mediated by NO formation and involve a 5859 Da toxin with possible action on voltage-dependent ion channels.

show abstract

Listing of Protein Spectra

Kirschenbaum

1984

Bibliographic Atlas of Protein Spectra in the Ultraviolet and Visible Regions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purification and characterization of a necrotoxin from tarantula, Dugesiella hentzi (Girard), venom

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Indian Ornamental Tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) Venom Affects Myoblast Function and Causes Skeletal Muscle Damage

Indian Ornamental Tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) Venom Affects Myoblast Function and Causes Skeletal Muscle Damage

Efeitos cardiovasculares da peçonha e de um peptídeo isolado da aranha Vitalius dubius (Araneae, Theraphosidae)

Listing of Protein Spectra

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About