The Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) fauna in the Liberian Nimba Mountains, West Africa, at the end of the dry season

Poltavsky, A. N.; Sáfián, Szabolcs; Simonics, Gábor; Kravchenko, Vasiliy D.; Müller, Gunter C.

doi:10.5281/zenodo.2654304

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…If all climate types present in the countries where this moth has been found are considered, the number of climates also occurring into the EU is four (BSh-hot semi-arid, BSk-cold semiarid, Cfb-temperate oceanic, and Cfc-subpolar oceanic) (Figure 4). However, a more refined match between the exact locations where this moth has been recorded (Mally et al, 2015;Poltavsky et al, 2019) reduced this number to one: BSh. In the EU, this hot semi-arid climate type can be found in SE Spain and NE Cyprus only (Figure 5).…”

Section: Climatic Conditions Affecting Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distribution of L. pseudorbonalis (Figure 2), which relies on specimens collected in Angola, Liberia, Senegal and Uganda, leaving a considerable distribution gap in Central Africa (Mally et al, 2015;Poltavsky et al, 2019), could be wider in sub-Saharan Africa, as suggested by interceptions in the EU from African countries different from Angola, Liberia, Senegal and Uganda (i.e. Burundi, Kenya; see Section 3.4.1).…”

Section: Pest Distribution Outside the Eumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pest categorisation of Leucinodes pseudorbonalis

Bragard¹,

Serio²,

Gonthier³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the snout moth Leucinodes pseudorbonalis Mally, Korycinska, Agassiz, Hall, Hodgetts & Nuss (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), for the territory of the EU. This species is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. This oligophagous species, which feeds on fruit and leaves of Solanum aethiopicum (Ethiopian eggplant) and S. melongena (eggplant), is known to occur in sub-Saharan Africa (Angola, Liberia, Senegal, Uganda). Adults oviposit on leaves and newly hatched caterpillars can bore into shoots, causing wilting and dieback, before moving into the fruit, which they tunnel. Damage may be visible only if the fruit is cut open. A single aubergine can be infested by up to 20 larvae. Mature larvae abandon the fruit to pupate in a cocoon in the soil. Adult moths fly for short distances only in darkness. Potential entry pathways for L. pseudorbonalis, such as Solanum spp. plants for planting and soil/growing media are regulated and can be considered as closed. The fruit and leaves pathways remain open from countries where L. pseudorbonalis is known to occur. Indeed, this species was intercepted in the EU with S. aethiopicum eight times from January to June 2021. Should L. pseudorbonalis enter the EU, host availability (S. melongena) and climatic conditions in some limited areas of southern EU Member States could allow this species to successfully establish and spread within these areas. Economic impact in aubergine production is anticipated if establishment occurs. L. pseudorbonalis satisfies the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest. Because this is a recently described species, there are knowledge gaps related to the biology of this moth and its distribution. However, these gaps do not affect the conclusions of this categorisation.

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Section: Climatic Conditions Affecting Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pest Distribution Outside the Eumentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Leucinodes pseudorbonalis

Bragard¹,

Serio²,

Gonthier³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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“…A number of Crambidae also frequently visit C. odorata flowers, including Bocchoris inspersalis (Zeller, 1852) and Phostria hesusalis (Walker, 1859) as observed in the Nimba Mountains. They are normally nocturnal and are attracted to artificial light (Poltavsky et al, 2019), but it seems that the availability of the food-source may also influence their general feeding habits. Day-flying Hyblaeidae also feed on the nectar of C. odorata as observed on a few occasions (Fig.…”

Section: Moths Observed Nectaring On C Odoratamentioning

confidence: 99%

The highly invasive Siam Weed, Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson (Asteraceae), as a seasonal prime nectar source for butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) and other insects (Insecta: Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera) in West Africa

Sáfián¹

2021

met

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During mass-blooming in the dry season, the highly invasive Siam Weed, Chromolaena odorata, appears to be a prime nectar source for butterflies and a range of diurnal moths and other insects in West Africa. About 10 % of the West African butterfly fauna were recorded visiting C. odorata flowers between Sierra Leone and Western Cameroon as a result of opportunistic observations between 2010 and 2021. Predators on flower-visiting insects, such as crab-spiders and Flower Mantises, also seem to have become adapted to the newly available food-source. These records indicate that beyond the well-known adverse effects of C. odorata invasion to regeneration of natural vegetation on disturbed ground and the exposure of natural rainforest habitats to wildfires because of the plant’s susceptibility to fire, the diet shift of a considerable proportion of pollinators could imply further threats to biodiversity, such as reducing the reproductive rate of forest plants pollinated by butterflies. Specific studies further targeting the subject are urgently needed.

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The Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) fauna in the Liberian Nimba Mountains, West Africa, at the end of the dry season

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Pest categorisation of Leucinodes pseudorbonalis

Pest categorisation of Leucinodes pseudorbonalis

The highly invasive Siam Weed, Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson (Asteraceae), as a seasonal prime nectar source for butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) and other insects (Insecta: Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera) in West Africa

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