The Pyrolysis Characteristics and Pore Structure of Oil Shale of Different Densities

Wang, Qing; Kong, Lingwen; Bai, Jingru; Gu, Zeng-Ying

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2012.02.182

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Fundamentally there are many works about the influences of major parameters including the pyrolysis temperature [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], heating rate [9][10][11][12], residence time [13], pyrolysis atmosphere [8,14], operating pressure [15], as well as the particle size [16], density [17,18], and inorganic matter content [19,20] of oil shale. It is widely accepted that there are appropriate temperature and heating rate for oil shale pyrolysis that ensure the potentially highest shale oil yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis in indirectly heated fixed bed with internals: The first application to oil shale

Lin

Chun

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis in indirectly heated fixed bed with internals: The first application to oil shale

Lin

Chun

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…Kerogen is considered as the main organic matter in oil shale yielding a significant amount of oil through pyrolysis, which is one kind of oil shale thermochemical conversion technologies, involving the thermal degradation of virgin material resulting in the production of gas, liquid, and solid . For exploring the optimal operating conditions, many researchers have embarked on the process of pyrolysis of oil shale, and many works have been done about the influences of major parameters including the pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, residence time, pyrolysis atmosphere, and operating pressure as well as the particle size, density, and inorganic matter content of oil shale. − Thermal analysis is commonly employed in the process of pyrolysis of oil shale, which focuses on the thermodynamic parameters or physical parameters change with temperature . For example, thermogravimetry is used to assess the mass loss of a sample as a function of temperature or time .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing of Oil Shale Pyrolysis Process with Laser Ultrasonic Detection

Hai

Wei

et al. 2016

Energy Fuels

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The laser ultrasonic technique was proposed to characterize the pyrolysis process of the oil shale. The ultrasonic velocity was produced by a noncontact all-optical method in the three regions of Barkol, Yaojie, and Longkou of China. It was found that the ultrasonic velocity was related with the pyrolysis temperature of the oil shale. The pyrolysis process was divided into three stages due to the ultrasonic propagation speed in the oil shale. The ultrasonic velocity had small changes from 20 to 320 °C in the first stage, a sharp decline between 320 and 470 °C in the second stage, and another small change above 470 °C in the third stage. The variation of the velocity was qualitatively explained, which was considered to be closely related with the characteristics of pyrolysis process in oil shale. An empirical equation of the velocity attenuation was proposed to estimate the beginning and the end of the decomposition of the kerogen. It is a new way to characterize the process of the pyrolysis of oil shale by using the laser ultrasonic technique.

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“…During the past few years, our group did research in the combustion characteristics and physicochemical properties of oil shales, combustion and co-combustion characteristics of semi-coke, etc. − Semi-coke mentioned here refers to the solid waste left after oil shale retorting, which contains phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and oil products. , However, few studies were focused on the chemical structure of kerogen in oil shale. Therefore, the aim of this paper is (i) to obtain the detailed structural information on Huadian kerogen through a variety of experimental methods, (ii) and on the basis of these experimental data, a series of Huadian kerogen 3D isomer models have been constructed to consider the carbon skeleton isomerization, the substituted position effects of the aromatic ring, aliphatic ether bond, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivative, and the quantity of tertiary and quaternary carbons on model stability using DFT calculations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Structure of a Huadian Oil Shale Kerogen Model: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

et al. 2015

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The molecular structural information on a kerogen isolated from Huadian oil shale was obtained using solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Then, a series of Huadian kerogen isomers were constructed on the basis of these structural data. The possible carbon skeleton isomer and the substituted position effects of the aromatic ring, aliphatic ether bond, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivative as well as the quantity of tertiary and quaternary carbons on Huadian kerogen model stability have been systematically studied on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. For the carbon skeleton isomer, the calculated total energy decreases with the increasing number of the closed annular space (grid), which is constituted by connecting the aliphatic chain to the aromatic cluster or other aliphatic chain. DFT calculations show an about 16.8 kcal mol −1 decrease in total energy for every grid increase when the number of grids increases from 2 to 11. A significant break in the decrease of the total energy has been obtained for an isomer with 11 grids, which means that a proper number of grids (11 grids is appropriate in this paper) in carbon skeleton should be considered for building the chemical structure of Huadian kerogen. For the substituted position effects, aliphatic ether bonding to quaternary carbon, carboxylic acid attaching to secondary carbon, and carboxylic acid derivative bonding to quaternary carbon seem to give a lower energy structure than other connections. Besides, a high quantity of tertiary and quaternary carbons is conducive to a stable model for Huadian kerogen. The aromatic cluster dispersed distribution also makes a contribution to improve the stability of the model. According to these results, we proposed a relatively stable Huadian kerogen three-dimensional (3D) model. Moreover, this 3D model was testified reasonablely through the match between calculated and experimental 13 C NMR spectra.

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The Pyrolysis Characteristics and Pore Structure of Oil Shale of Different Densities

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Pyrolysis in indirectly heated fixed bed with internals: The first application to oil shale

Pyrolysis in indirectly heated fixed bed with internals: The first application to oil shale

Characterizing of Oil Shale Pyrolysis Process with Laser Ultrasonic Detection

Three-Dimensional Structure of a Huadian Oil Shale Kerogen Model: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

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