The Pyrolysis under Vacuum of Aspen Poplar

Roy, Christian; Caumia, B. De; Brouillard, Dominique; Ménard, Hugues

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4932-4_13

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In that case, the residence time of volatile products in the wood particles during pyrolysis would be shorter than the time needed for the secondary reactions. In agreement with literature data [48] for vacuum pyrolysis, a significant influence of the particle size can be expected.…”

Section: Discussion Of the Experimental Reaction Kinetics Results Witsupporting

confidence: 84%

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Wood and Wood Components

Willner¹,

Brunner²

2005

Chem. Eng. Technol.

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Section: Discussion Of the Experimental Reaction Kinetics Results Witsupporting

confidence: 84%

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Wood and Wood Components

Willner¹,

Brunner²

2005

Chem. Eng. Technol.

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“…Similar chemistry is accomplished by others in fluidized-bed reactors, (17) cyclonic ablative reactors (18) and vacuum pyrolysis systems. (19)…”

Section: Biomass Liquefaction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic hydrotreating of biomass liquefaction products to produce hydrocarbon fuels: Interim report

Elliott¹,

Baker²

1986

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This report provides interim results of bench-scale testing of catalytic hydrotreatment of both high pressure and pyrolyzate biomass liquefaction products. The goal of this research is to define appropriate operating conditions and catalysts for upgrading biomass liquefaction products to hydrocarbon fuels. Elucidation of the chemistry involved in the processing is a significant portion of the effort.The results in this report represent the progress during the past four years in this ongoing research project. Successful catalytic hydrotreatment of biomass liquefaction product to a hydrocarbon fuel has been accomplished using typical petroleum hydrotreating catalysts and conditions. The phenolic and polyphenolic wood-derived oil is hydrodeoxygenated and hydrocracked to a gasoline-range hydrocarbon. The product is a mixture of cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbon which is expected to be useful as a high-octane blending agent for gasoline.The experimentation was performed in both batch-fed and continuous-fed reactor systems. Commercially-available, heterogeneous catalysts were used throughout the research. Processing conditions ranged from 250 0 to 400 0 C at pressures of approximately 2000 psig. Experimental feedstocks and products were analyzed by elemental analysis, distillation, density and viscosity determination, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and spectrometry methods including infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance.Among the findings derived from this experimental research, the following appear most important.• Experiments employing model compounds suggest that alkyl phenolics and naphthols follow similar reaction pathways and have similar kinetics under hydrotreating conditions. A methoxyl substituent on the phenolic ring is thermally unstable and leads to condensation reactions as opposed to hydrogenation reactions. • Of the catalysts tested, cobalt-molybdenum in the sulfided form has the best combination of high hydrodeoxygenation activity with the least tendency to saturate the aromatic systems, thus producing the largest amount of high octane gasoline components.iii• High-pressure liquefaction biomass-derived oil can be directly hydrotreated to a gasoline range hydrocarbon in high yields, but biomassderived pyrolysis oil cannot be converted to gasoline in high yields under the same conditions. • Biomass-derived pyrolysis oil can be directly hydrotreated to a gasoline range hydrocarbon in high yields following a low-temperature catalytic treatment. This treatment partially hydrotreats and partially decarboxy1ates the pyro1yzate so that its thermal stability is sufficiently increased to allow higher temperature catalytic treatment.

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“…This includes pyrolysis temperature [Chen and Shi, 2010;Williams and Ahmad, 1999;Yue et al, 2014], heating rate [Değirmenci and Durusoy, 2005;Nazzal, 2002;Williams et al, 1999;Yue et al, 2014], residence time for pyrolysis reaction [Williams and Chishti, 2001], composition of pyrolysis atmosphere [Netzel and Miknis, 1982;Razvigorova et al, 2008], particle size [Ahmad and Williams, 1998;Jaber et al, 1999;Khalil, 2013], and mineral matrix [Espitalie et al, 1980;Karabakan and Yürüm, 1998]. Vacuum pyrolysis has been shown to enable higher yield and improved quality shale oil in comparison with pyrolysis under atmospheric pressure [Hoekstra et al, 2012;Pakdel et al, 1999;Roy et al, 1985;Siramard et al, 2016]. A reduced pressure facilitates the transport of pyrolysis products by providing quicker escape of primary oil from the reaction zone, thus reducing the secondary cracking reactions [Pakdel et al, 1999;Siramard et al, 2016].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic imaging of oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography

Saif

Lin

Singh

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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The structure and connectivity of the pore space during the pyrolysis of oil shales determines hydrocarbon flow behavior and ultimate recovery. We image the time evolution of the pore and microfracture networks during oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography. Immature Green River (Mahogany Zone) shale samples were thermally matured under vacuum conditions at temperatures up to 500°C while being periodically imaged with a 2 µm voxel size. The structural transformation of both organic‐rich and organic‐lean layers within the shale was quantified. The images reveal a dramatic change in porosity accompanying pyrolysis between 390 and 400°C with the formation of micron‐scale heterogeneous pores. With a further increase in temperature, the pores steadily expand resulting in connected microfracture networks that predominantly develop along the kerogen‐rich laminations.

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The Pyrolysis under Vacuum of Aspen Poplar

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Wood and Wood Components

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Wood and Wood Components

Catalytic hydrotreating of biomass liquefaction products to produce hydrocarbon fuels: Interim report

Dynamic imaging of oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X‐ray microtomography

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