The Qing Policy of Self-Isolation in China

Abstract

This article discusses the difficult period of the XVII - XIX century in China's development. As a result of Manchu taking over China, the Qing empire was formed, and historiographers differ in evaluating the results of its rule. On the one hand, the Qing dynasty inherited the sinocentric view of the world from its predecessors - China was declared as the center of the universe, and all other states as sidelined vassals, who should not be subject to equal treatment. Manchu attempted to apply this doctrine in practice, which resulted in a significant expansion of the state, the annexation of Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang, and border wars with Russia, Vietnam and Burma. The self-isolation policy led to economic stagnation while the population was growing strongly. These problems could not have been resolved within the bounds of the traditional society.

China’s Investment Law Reform: Revolution or Evolution?

“…From 1949 to late 1970s, China was isolated from the outside world. 21 At that time, attracting foreign investments were unthinkable. It was not until early 1980s that these circumstances were reformed by the Chinese leadership under the name of the open-door policy.…”