“…Using a 5-point scale (from 1, not confident, to 5, very confident), a rating of 4 or 5 was considered confident for each skill. We grouped skills into 4 levels: basic, intermediate, advanced, and aspirational (TABLE 3; With permission, we used the Quality Improvement Knowledge Application Tool-Revised (QIKAT-R) 29 to assess knowledge (provided as online supplemental material). Each resident completed 3 cases precurriculum and postcurriculum.…”