The quality of life of retirees as affected by Socio-economic factors in Southwestern Nigeria: An Interpretative Phenomenology

Abstract

Background The importance of quality of life needs to be reviewed critically as the number of elderly people's life expectancy increases with the advances in science. Retirees in developing countries like Nigeria experience dwindling resources, increasing their vulnerability, and decreasing their quality of life. These problems range from reduced monthly pension payout, residential homes, the deteriorating economy of the country, as well as deteriorated health conditions due to ageing. The study aimed to explore retirees’ quality of life as influenced by socio-economic factors, in Southwestern Nigeria. Methods An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) design was used. The study population consisted of healthcare retirees from three purposefully selected states of Southwestern Nigeria. After gaining consent, data was collected through in-depth interviews and focused group discussions (FGDs). Both were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the IPA procedures. This was then imported into NVivo Version 12. Results Respondents identified factors like social life adjustments and financial illiteracy as the main problem. Social status changes coupled with the inevitable ageing process only need adaptation. Government non-support of the senior citizens in the form of discounted food and medicine exacerbates the problem. The theme of “government support” and subthemes like “housing”, “socio-economic status”, “family responsibility”, and “health status” emerged. Conclusions Retirees cherish social relationships although their participation was limited by financial scarcity and ill-health. Encouraging social activities requires government support, networking, and family participation to improve the quality of life for the elderly.