The quality of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza from Dao Di area in China and its correlation with soil parameters and climate factors

Abstract

Introduction Salvia miltiorrhiza is a frequently used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, and tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) and salvianolic acid B (Sal Acid B) are two major extracts obtained from its dried root. The quality of herbal ingredients can be affected by environmental factors. Objective To evaluate the quality of wild S. miltiorrhiza and investigate the influence of soil constituents and parameters as well as climatic conditions and factors on the content of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B. Methodology We collected samples in 12 natural locations in the Dao Di area in China, the area in which S. miltiorrhiza grows, that results in a distinctive higher quality of medicinal materials from the harvested plant. The concentrations of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Soil total carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and particle size distribution were determined. We also collected climate data using ArcGIS from the WorldClim database, and correlation tests, redundancy, and regression analyses were conducted to analyse the relationship and cluster the samples according to their chemical profile. Results The content of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B in most of the samples was significantly different (P < 0.05). Soil available phosphorus was considered as a key factor that influenced the quality of wild S. miltiorrhiza, and we found a significant negative association between the concentration of Tan IIA in roots and soil available phosphorus. Moreover, the accumulation of Tan IIA in S. miltiorrhiza was also significantly associated with precipitation in April, May, and October, maximum temperature in January, and standard deviation of temperature seasonality. There was no significant correlation between the content of Sal Acid B and ecological factors. In addition, samples collected from Mengshan, Hexian, and Lushi locations were rich in Tan IIA and tended to cluster together, whereas samples collected from Longquan and Huoshan locations tended to cluster and were poor in Tan IIA. Conclusion The Tan IIA content in samples collected from southern Anhui was significantly lower than that in other Dao Di locations. The content of Tan IIA was related more to the soil than the temperature. Compared with Tan IIA, Sal Acid B was less influenced by soil and climate factors. The findings of this study may provide helpful references for quality control of medicinal plants that exert pharmacological effects in humans.

Quality Assessment and Classification of Codonopsis Radix Based on Fingerprints and Chemometrics

“…This indicated that the quality of CR in Gansu and Shanxi Province was the best, followed by that in Sichuan Province, while that in Guizhou Province was relatively poor. These results demonstrated a large difference in the accumulations of 13 marker compounds (peaks 13,5,6,10,26,21,16,20,23,22,14,19,8) in different origins. We also analyzed the 16 marker compounds (peaks 22,27,19,7,12,21,5,26,9,4,1,28,8,6,24,17) in CR from different storage time and kneading processing (Figure 9B).…”

Integrated Multiomics and Synergistic Functional Network Revealed the Mechanism in the Tolerance of Different Ecotypes ofSalvia miltiorrhizaBge. to Doxycycline Pollution

“…Differences in the geographical factors of different cultivation areas have produced significantly heterogeneous traits in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plants, which is an important factor for the unique geoherbalism of TCM . The yield of active ingredients from the model TCM plant Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge varies greatly in different regions of China, with the Sichuan and Shandong provinces producing the highest yields. − Niche differentiation of perennial populations of S. miltiorrhiza promoted the domestication of S.…”

“…Although the biological advantages of phenolic acid compounds in plants were initially unclear, they are now believed to function as signal molecules that participate in the plant stress response . Sustained environment–genome co-evolution has resulted in the constant neofunctionalization of the integrated downstream metabolic network of AAAs. , For example, small-molecule metabolic end products such as rosmarinic acid (RA) and salvianolic acid, which have stronger reducibility and more complex structures, are formed in S. miltiorrhiza. Certain ecological questions associated with complex environmental pollution must be addressed: whether the differential evolution of the AAA downstream networks mediated by ecotype differentiation resulted in the enhanced tolerance of Sichuan ecotypes to DOX pollution, the screening potential of bioagents for remedying antibiotic contamination in soil using the rich small-molecule downstream metabolic pool, and establishing TCM plant–traditional crop intercropping systems in antibiotic-contaminated soil to alleviate mitochondrial damage.…”

Development of a highly efficient virus-free regeneration system of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Sichuan using apical meristem as explants

“…S. miltiorrhiza has been gradually domesticated and induced to various places in China, such as Sichuan, Shandong, Hebei, etc. [ 1 , 5 ]. In particular, S. miltiorrhiza produced from Zhongjiang of Sichuan ( S.m.…”

“…In particular, S. miltiorrhiza produced from Zhongjiang of Sichuan ( S.m. -SC) is considered the best-quality product for stick, bright red, and high content of salvianolic acids in the roots; it has been exported overseas, and Zhongjiang is deemed as genuine producing area [ 5 , 6 ]. However, the pollen of S.m.…”