The Quantitative Anatomy of the Normal Child's Heart

Rowlatt, Ursula; Rimoldi, Horacio J. A.; Lev, Maurice

doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)31414-6

Cited by 358 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Concerning the size and motion of the normal mitral valve, detailed investigations have been done in autopsy specimens and through echocardiography, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and it has been demonstrated that the mitral valve diameter of a normal heart shows a logarithmic correlation with BSA. 14,15 In our present study, the observed diameter [DM (Obs)] of many cadaveric hearts was larger than one predicted according to Rowlatt's criterion [DM (Prd)] (p<0.0001; paired t-test) ( Table 2, Fig 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric Analysis of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet and Mitral Valve Orifice in Cadaveric Hearts

Okamoto

Itoh

Nara

2007

Circ J

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometric Analysis of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet and Mitral Valve Orifice in Cadaveric Hearts

Okamoto

Itoh

Nara

2007

Circ J

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“…This change is partly due to atrophy of the right ventricle and partly due to a rapid growth of the left ventricle. 6) The Mass Index of the right ventricle, and the Mass ratio Index of the right and left ventricles of cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot are already increased in the transitional period compared with those of normal hearts. Although the hypertrophy of the right ventricle is said to be a secondary change due to pulmonary tract stenosis, it appears from a very early phase immediately after birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quantitative Analysis of Hypertrophy in Cardiac Chambers in Cyanotic Tetralogy of Fallot.

et al. 2001

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SUMMARYAlthough early total corrective repair for cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot is now safely performed at many institutions, long-term complications after surgical repair have been demonstrated. Therefore, the optimal procedure and timing for surgical treatment remain controversial. In the present study, we conducted a quantitative analysis of the hypertrophy of all four chambers of 87 autopsied hearts of cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot and 71 normal control hearts utilizing the myocardial mass index, and evaluated the progression of lesions with advancing age. In cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot, hypertrophy of the right ventricle progresses immediately after birth, with that of the right atrium developing soon after. The left side of the heart is normal or slightly atrophied which could be corrected by sufficient palliative intervention or total corrective repair. The growth curves of both ventricles were parallel to those of normal hearts for the period studied. Pulmonary atresia, palliative operation, and total corrective repair have been shown to have some influence on the morphological characteristics of hearts of cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot. ( SURGICAL approaches to cyanotic tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) continue to evolve and now many institutions favor early total corrective repair for TOF without initial palliative procedures. Meanwhile, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and severe right ventricular dysfunction have been demonstrated in the long-term after surgical repair. Therefore, the optimal procedure, including the combination with initial palliative surgery and the timing for the surgical treatment, has once again become controversial. In the present study, we conducted a quantitative analysis of hypertrophy of all four chambers of the hearts of patients with cyanFrom the Divisions of Cardiovascular Surgery,

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“…2,4 The most distinctive aspect of the surgical technique was our oversizing both the RVOT and the prosthesis. In accordance with studies by Kirklin and others, [22][23][24][25] we determined the expected RVOT diameter on the basis of each patient's weight and body surface area (BSA). We made a transvalvular RVOT incision from the pulmonary bifurcation to the infundibulum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Oversized Injectable Valves in Growing Children for Total Repair of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Anomalies (Preliminary Results)

Deorsola¹,

Abbruzzese²

2014

Texas Heart Institute Journal

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B ecause congenital anomalies of the right side of the heart are often characterized by a wide spectrum of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and pulmonary valve (PV) alterations, the RVOT and PV are frequently involved in pediatric cardiac surgery. Nevertheless, the PV remained neglected for a very long time; it has gained consideration only in recent years.The first surgical corrections involved ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure and RVOT enlargement with a simple transannular patch, without attention to the PV. Emphasis on short-term results led incorrectly to the idea that the PV had no significance. The belief that "no valve is better than a stenotic valve" induced surgeons to leave many RVOTs unvalved.1-3 When long-term follow-up results became available, it became clear that unvalved patients could develop pulmonary artery dilation and right ventricular (RV) failure, 4-7 which led to additional valve procedures. A new idea-that "a working valve is better than no valve"-then arose, and valve preservation gradually became a must in tetrology of Fallot (TOF) treatment. For this reason, much surgical effort in dealing with an altered RVOT is today directed toward sparing the valve whenever possible. 3,8,9 Unfortunately, valve-sparing is often difficult and sometimes impossible. When the valve is atretic or very narrow, there is no doubt that the only solution is a transannular patch.10 On the other hand, when pulmonary diameter is acceptable or good, the valve often presents alterations: it is bicuspid, has leaflet tethering, leaflet thickening, commissural fusion, etc. 11,12 Repairing the valve is not as easy as it sounds. When the anatomic defects are substantial, the results of repair can be unsatisfactory or outright

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The Quantitative Anatomy of the Normal Child's Heart

Cited by 358 publications

References 9 publications

Geometric Analysis of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet and Mitral Valve Orifice in Cadaveric Hearts

Geometric Analysis of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet and Mitral Valve Orifice in Cadaveric Hearts

Quantitative Analysis of Hypertrophy in Cardiac Chambers in Cyanotic Tetralogy of Fallot.

Use of Oversized Injectable Valves in Growing Children for Total Repair of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Anomalies (Preliminary Results)

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