The quantitative assessment of normal canine small intestinal mucosa

Endoscopic, Biopsy, and Histopathologic Guidelines for the Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Inflammation in Companion Animals

“…Normal dogs have a mean number of 3.6 ± 3.6 goblet cells per stretch of 100 villous enterocytes, and 9.3 ± 3.1 goblet cells per stretch of 100 cryptal enterocytes 43 . Villous IEL are less numerous in the dog (20.6 ± 9.5 per 100 enterocytes) than in the cat (47.8 ± 11.7 per 100 enterocytes), but the number of cryptal IEL in the dog (5.2 ± 2.3 per 100 enterocytes) is similar to that in the cat (4.6 ± 1.7 per 100 enterocytes) 43,47,50 . In the dog, the total leukocyte count is greater in the cryptal lamina propria (156.3 ± 24.9 per 10,000 μm 2 ) than in the lamina propria of the base (128.3 ± 26.6 per 10,000 μm 2 ) or tip (100.7 ± 43.9 per 10,000 μm 2 ) of the villus 43 .…”

“…Several studies have evaluated the normal canine and feline duodenal mucosa with HE and immunohistochemical staining 43,47,49,50 . The normal villus length for an adult dog is 722 ± 170 μm, the normal crypt depth is 1,279 ± 203 μm, and the normal villus to crypt ratio is 0.7 ± 0.3 39,49,50 . Normal dogs have a mean number of 3.6 ± 3.6 goblet cells per stretch of 100 villous enterocytes, and 9.3 ± 3.1 goblet cells per stretch of 100 cryptal enterocytes 43 .…”

“…43 Villous IEL are less numerous in the dog (20.6 AE 9.5 per 100 enterocytes) than in the cat (47.8 AE 11.7 per 100 enterocytes), but the number of cryptal IEL in the dog (5.2 AE 2.3 per 100 enterocytes) is similar to that in the cat (4.6 AE 1.7 per 100 enterocytes). 43,47,50 In the dog, the total leukocyte count is greater in the cryptal lamina propria (156.3 AE 24.9 per 10,000 mm 2 ) than in the lamina propria of the base (128.3 AE 26.6 per 10,000 mm 2 ) or tip (100.7 AE 43.9 per 10,000 mm 2 ) of the villus. 43 Similarly, there are more eosinophils in the canine cryptal lamina propria (9.8 AE 7.5 per 10,000 mm 2 ) than in the lamina propria of the villus base (3.7 AE 3.5 per 10,000 mm 2 ) or tip (3.8 AE 6.1 per 10,000 mm 2 ).…”

Quantitative pathology of small intestinal coccidiosis caused byEimeria maximain young broilers

“…Villus heights and TMT were measured on 10 properly oriented villi and crypts using an ocular micrometer fixed to a light microscope. Villus heights were* measured from crypt mouth to the villus tip (Hart & Kidder, 1978). Total mucosal thickness was measured from the tip of villus to the base of the crypt.…”

Small intestinal disease – is endoscopic biopsy the answer?

“…The description of histopathological findings tends to be subjective and subsequent interpretation dependent on the experience of the pathologist. Interpretation is hindered by wide variations in what constitutes 'normal' and by a failure to understand that the structure of the small intestine varies along its length (Hart and Kidder 1978). Early descriptions of intestinal disease concentrated on cases with severe histological changes (Hill and Kelly 1974) and only recently has it been recognised that significant intestinal malfunction can occur with minimal or no histological changes Hall 1989, van der Gaag andHapp6 1990a).…”