The quantitative characterization of stylolites in the limestone reservoirs of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin: Insights to the influence of pressure solution on the quality of carbonate reservoirs

Zhou, Ling; Wang, Guangwei; Hao, Fang; Xu, Rui; Jin, Zihao; Quan, Li; Zou, Huayao

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105612

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Type BC-I mainly distributes in the upper part of J 1 da 2 , where shell limestone lithofacies and silty shale lithofacies are the main types. It shows the obvious characteristics of mixed sediments of “Mud, Lime and Sand,” reflecting the water body is shallow and turbulent (Zhou et al 2013, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the evolution of the depositional environment, several sets of dark mudstone layers were deposited in the Jurassic period in the Yuanba area, shown in Figure 1. Among the formations and members, the J 1 da developed shell limestone and gray-black shale, showing a good source–reservoir coupling relationship and great exploration potential (Zhou et al, 2013, 2020).…”

Section: Geological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Shale Gas Sweet Spots of the Jurassic Da'anzhai Member in the Yuanba Area, Sichuan Basin

Liu

Chen³

et al. 2023

Energy Exploration & Exploitation

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Terrestrial shale strata generally has frequent and strong heterogeneity characteristics, thus affecting shale gas enrichment and target selection. In this study, samples from the Da’anzhai Member of Well A in Yuanba area have performed a series of experiments including total organic carbon ( TOC) content measurement, rock pyrolysis, organic petrology, vitrinite reflectance ( Ro), whole-rock mineral composition, thin section analysis, focused ion beam scanning electron microscope, high-pressure Hg injection, nitrogen (N2) adsorption, and methane (CH4) isothermal adsorption. The results show that: (1) Da'anzhai (J1da) Member is a set of mixed sediments with various lithology, which consists of black shale and well-developed siltstone and carbonate rocks interlayers. The second section of the Da'anzhai Member (J1da2) has relatively greater organic matter abundance (1.24% TOC), better organic matter type dominated by type III and II, as well as higher maturity (1.67% Ro), which is the most favorable section of J1da. (2) J1da2 shale strata can be divided into three shale lithofacies types, two interlayer lithofacies types, and three macro-lithofacies assemblage types. Among them, mudstone–limestone lithofacies assemblage (type AB-I) has preferable hydrocarbon generation conditions, better reservoir properties, and more developed shell limestone interlayers with better fracturing performance, is thought the most favorable interval. (3) The optimal interval and horizontal target of J1da2 are further selected based on the source–reservoir coupling relationship, corresponding to the depth is 3909–3914 m, which imply the optimal horizontal target window for Well A. This study has application values not only for the identification of “sweet intervals” and well location deployment of J1da but also supports the later systematic studies of shale gas accumulation mechanism and enrichment regularity in Yuanba area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Shale Gas Sweet Spots of the Jurassic Da'anzhai Member in the Yuanba Area, Sichuan Basin

Liu

Chen³

et al. 2023

Energy Exploration & Exploitation

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“…In the Sichuan Basin large volumes of gas accumulation in the Qixia Formation is beneficial from the following factors: wide distribution of high-quality dolomite reservoirs, good hydrocarbon source, superior relationship between the sourcereservoir association and excellent matching relationship between the gas accumulation and structural evolution. Dolomites are more compaction-resistant and cementation than other lithology in deep burial settings (Wang et al, 2017b;Zhou et al, 2022). Thus, it has a great potential for gas exploration in the Qixia dolomite reservoirs.…”

Section: Exploration Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural gas accumulation conditions and exploration prospects of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Sichuan Basin

Zhang

Chen²,

Wen³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Exploration of natural gases in the Middle Permian Qixia Formation has achieved a breakthrough in the central and western Sichuan Basin since 2010. This study discusses the quality of dolomite reservoirs and source rocks, trap types and hydrocarbon charging history and proposes that good accumulation conditions are the basis for the large-scale enrichment of natural gas in the Qixia Formation. The high-quality reservoirs in the Qixia Formation are dolomites that primarily occur along platform margins and in the inner-platform shoals surrounding the Caledonian palaeo-uplifts. The Qixia gases originated mainly from the Cambrian and Permian mudstone source rocks. The overlaying Permian source rocks and the underlying Cambrian source rocks are both widely distributed and could provide sufficient gases for dolomite reservoirs. Additionally, the structural or structural-lithologic traps formed by an overlap of the Qixia dolomites and structurally high are favourable for oil and gas accumulation. The Qixia Formation had experienced four episodes of oil and gas charging from the middle-late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous, and traps located in structural-high zones are most favourable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Thus, the Qixia Formation has excellent accumulation conditions for the formation of large-scale gas fields. The concealed structural belts in the footwall of fault No. 1, the Longmenshan–Daxingchang structural belts and the periphery Gaomo–Shehong palaeo-uplift are the key zones for large-scale gas exploration in the Qixia Formation. The Qixia Formation is an important strategic replacement field for natural gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin following the Ediacaran Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation.

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“…Within shallow-water carbonates, diagenetic processes such as physical and chemical compaction, cement precipitation, and microfracturing have a profound effect on their composition, texture, porosity, and overall petrophysical properties [1][2][3][4][5]. Focusing on chemical compaction, according to the classification of pressure solution features first proposed by Choquette and Pray [6], two main types of stylolites and pressure solution seams can be distinguished, e.g., (i) non-sutured solution surfaces, which can occur either as single seams or as swarms and often form within carbonates that include a significant content of insoluble material such as clay, silt, and/or organic matter; (ii) sutured solution surfaces, which correspond to stylolites and grain contact sutures and often form within carbonates with a low content of insoluble residual material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of the most diffuse structural elements within shallow-water carbonates, bed-parallel stylolites and pressure solution seams are the most common [1,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. These elements cause lithological compaction, volume loss, and bed amalgamation, and might extend for great distances within single carbonate beds and units [10,11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional Setting, Diagenetic Processes, and Pressure Solution-Assisted Compaction of Mesozoic Platform Carbonates, Southern Apennines, Italy

Todaro,

Manniello,

Pietragalla

et al. 2024

Geosciences

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Pressure solution processes taking place during diagenesis deeply modify the hydraulic properties of carbonates, affecting their mechanical layering and hence the dimension, distribution, and connectivity of high-angle fractures. The formation of stylolites is controlled by the texture of the host rock and therefore by the depositional environment and the diagenetic processes that involve it. This study reports the results of a multidisciplinary study carried out on a Jurassic–Cretaceous carbonate platform in southern Italy. The goal is to unravel the control exerted by single carbonate textures and specific diagenetic processes on the formation of bed-parallel stylolites. Microfacies analyses of thin sections are aimed at obtaining information regarding the composition and texture of the carbonates. Petrographic observations coupled with CL analyses are key to deciphering their diagenetic history. Results are consistent with carbonates originally deposited in a shallow-water realm in which carbonate mud is occasionally abundant. In this environment, early cementation inhibits their chemical compaction. In grain-supported facies, pressure solution is only localized at the grain contacts. During shallow burial diagenesis, precipitation of blocky calcite predates the formation of bed-parallel stylolites in the grain-supported facies. Contrarily, mud-supported facies favor chemical compaction, which results in stylolites showing a good lateral extension and thick sediment infill. A classification of different types of stylolite morphology is attempted in relation to facies texture. In detail, rougher morphology (sharp-peak) characterizes the stylolites nucleated in grain-supported facies, while smoother morphology (rectangular to wave-like) is observed in stylolites on mud-supported facies. Application of this knowledge can be helpful in constraining the diagenetic history of carbonate rocks cored from depth, and therefore predict the fracture stratigraphy properties of carbonates buried at depth.

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The quantitative characterization of stylolites in the limestone reservoirs of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin: Insights to the influence of pressure solution on the quality of carbonate reservoirs

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluating Shale Gas Sweet Spots of the Jurassic Da'anzhai Member in the Yuanba Area, Sichuan Basin

Evaluating Shale Gas Sweet Spots of the Jurassic Da'anzhai Member in the Yuanba Area, Sichuan Basin

Natural gas accumulation conditions and exploration prospects of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Sichuan Basin

Depositional Setting, Diagenetic Processes, and Pressure Solution-Assisted Compaction of Mesozoic Platform Carbonates, Southern Apennines, Italy

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