The quantitative measurement of the permeability of the erythrocyte to water and to solutes by the hemolysis method

Jacobs, M. H.

doi:10.1002/jcp.1030040203

Cited by 47 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For example, cell membranes, which have comparable permeability properties, can withstand only moderate stretching. It has been estimated that in the case of the erythrocyte an increase in surface area of as little as 8 per cent results in an increase in permeability sufficient to induce hemolysis (26,15). Exact data for other cells is somewhat scant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure of the Mitochondrial Membrane: Inferences from Permeability Properties

Tedeschi

1959

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Mitochondria possess a semipermeable membrane with properties similar to the cell membrane. Despite the presence of a limiting membrane, mitochondria swell approximately 4 to 5 times their original volume without lysis or loss of internal solute. For this reason, it has been argued that the membrane might be convoluted. The present kinetic study of the permeability of isolated mitochondria was undertaken to clarify this question. A photometric method described previously was used.In the case of highly lipid soluble penetrants, the results suggest that neither the permeability nor the surface area available for penetration varies significantly during considerable swelling. These results may be interpreted to mean that the mitochondrial membrane is convoluted. For highly polar compounds, the permeability of the membrane also remains unchanged during swelling, but the surface area available to penetration increases. These results may be interpreted to mean that in this latter case, the surface of the convolutions becomes available only after they are unfolded by swelling.The simplest model that can explain the permeability properties of this membrane consists of a bimolecular lipid layer where the inner monomolecular layer is convoluted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure of the Mitochondrial Membrane: Inferences from Permeability Properties

Tedeschi

1959

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…This 'haemolysis time' method of measuring mean permeability has been used for many years (Jacobs, 1934(Jacobs, , 1952Whittam, 1964;Stein, 1967;Solomon, 1968;Saari & Beck, 1974;Swanson, 1974). The glycerol lysis time has been suggested as a screening test for erythrocyte disorders (Gottfried & Robertson, 1974) and it is sensitive to changes in the steroid content of the red cell (Bruckdorfer, Demel, de Gier & van Deenen, 1969).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stages of osmotic haemolysis.

Jay¹,

Rowlands²

1975

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The haemolysis of individual human erythrocytes has been observed using an inverted microscope and cine-camera.2. With each permeant (glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, urea and water) haemolysis is a multistage process. The stages are swelling, popping, reduction in volume possibly accompanied by ion leakage and, finally, haemoglobin leakage. The classical haemolysis time (Th) is made up of a swelling time (T8W)and a stress time (Tt). T5t is not negligible and with the faster permeants it may occupy more than 75 % of the haemolysis time.4. The stress time can also be divided into two parts: a K+ leak time (TK) during which the cell shrinks and a time (Tub) during which haemoglobin is leaving the cell. Tub occupies a substantial part of Tb, from 25 to 65 %, and is relatively longer in fast haemolysis.5. There is a wide spread in the permeability coefficient to glycerol in a population of erythrocytes. The distribution is compatible with a Gaussian distribution. The mean permeability is 1-79 x 10-6 cm/sec and the S.D. is + 0-45 x 10-6 cm/sec.6. The correlation between haemolysis time and swelling time for individual erythrocytes is poor, especially for fast haemolysis. Consequently, a measure of the distribution of haemolysis time does not give a related distribution of the swelling time or of the calculated permeability for individual erythrocytes.

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“…The penetration of erythritol and adonitol into rabbit red cells was determined following the methods of JAcoBs [6] and WILBRA~D~ [17]. The method is based on the following principles: red blood cells are suspended in an isotonic solution of a polyole which is capable to penetrate into the red cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium and potassium permeability of red blood cells in dependence of the pH

1967

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Zusammen/assung. Die Durchliissigkeit yon Kaninehenerythrocyten fiir Natrium-bzw. Kaliumionen ist in hohem Mal3e vonder Wasserstoffionenkonzentration abh~ngig.Sowohl der l~atrimn-als auch der Kalium-Nettoflux zeigen ein Maximum, aber bei untersehiedlichen pH-Werten: Natrinm bei pH 6,6 und Kalium bei pH 7,0.Untersuchungen mit Radioisotopen ergaben, dal~ die ffir den Nettoflux gefundenen Maxima vorwiegend auf einer Beeinflussung der Bergabbewegtmg beruhen. Die Abh~ngigkeit der Bergaufbewegung yon der Wasserstoffionenkonzentration ist im Gegensatz zur Bergabbewegung gering.Sowohl die Bergauf-als aueh die Bergabbewegung yon Kalium und Natrium sind stark temperaturabh~ngig und haben einen Qz0-Wert fiber 2,0.Oer unter Ouabain gemessene Kaliuminflux stimmt sowohl hinsichtlich der pH-Abh~ingigkeit als aueh des Ausmal3es mit dem aus den Effluxraten und den Konzentrationsgradienten errechneten 14aliuminflux gut fiberein.Die Diskussion der Befunde geht yon der Vorste]lung aus, dab Strukturelemente der Erythrocytenmembran mit ampholytischem Charakter, wie Proteine und Phosphatide, ffir die dutch Wasserstoffionen hervorgerufenen ~mderungen des Natrium-bzw. Kaliumfluxes verantwortlieh sind.Summary. In rabbit red cells, it has been found that the permeability to sodium and potassium ions depends on the hydrogen ion concentration.The sodium and potassium net flux showed maxima at distinctly different pit-values: sodium at pit 6.6, and potassium at pH 7.0.Studies with radioisotopes indicated that the pH-dependent maxima of the net fluxes were due to an increase of the downhill movement of sodium and potassium ions. The uphill movement, in contrast to the downhill movement, was little influenced by the hydrogen ion concentration.The downhill movement as well as the uphill movement have Qz0-values of more than 2.0.The potassium influx measured under the influence of ouabain is in close agreement to the influx calculated by means of the efflux rates and the concentration gradients.In order to explain the changes in permeability, a hypothesis has been developed assuming that struetu2al elements of the membrane with ampholytic properties such as proteins and phosphatides are responsible for the change in permeability caused by variations in the hydrogen ion concentration.

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The quantitative measurement of the permeability of the erythrocyte to water and to solutes by the hemolysis method

Cited by 47 publications

References 10 publications

The Structure of the Mitochondrial Membrane: Inferences from Permeability Properties

The Structure of the Mitochondrial Membrane: Inferences from Permeability Properties

The stages of osmotic haemolysis.

Sodium and potassium permeability of red blood cells in dependence of the pH

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