2015
DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12137
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The Quantitative-MFG Test: A Linear Mixed Effect Model to Detect Maternal-Offspring Gene Interactions

Abstract: SUMMARY Maternal-offspring gene interactions, aka maternal-fetal genotype (MFG) incompatibilities, are neglected in complex diseases and quantitative trait studies. They are implicated in birth to adult onset diseases but there are limited ways to investigate their influence on quantitative traits. We present the Quantitative-MFG (QMFG) test, a linear mixed model where maternal and offspring genotypes are fixed effects and residual correlations between family members are random effects. The QMFG handles famili… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Naturally, power estimates provided in this article will be higher than those studies where the models cannot be similarly constrained. However, given our results here and in Clark et al [43], we are confident that with appropriate sample sizes the QMFG test will be statistically sound regardless of the specific MFG interaction being studied.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 69%
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“…Naturally, power estimates provided in this article will be higher than those studies where the models cannot be similarly constrained. However, given our results here and in Clark et al [43], we are confident that with appropriate sample sizes the QMFG test will be statistically sound regardless of the specific MFG interaction being studied.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 69%
“…These designs are direct extensions of association testing for MFG interactions with qualitative traits [40, 41]. In addition to potential difficulties in parameter interpretation, such approaches have typically been limited to case-parent trios and cannot easily account for the main effects of other covariates [42, 43]. To address these modeling limitations, the quantitative MFG (QMFG) test was developed [43].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…MendelGWAS.jl performs ordinary SNP-by-SNP association testing. To maximize speed in linear, logistic, and Poisson regression, MendelGWAS.jl employs score tests [3,17,20,89]. For the most significant SNPs, the score test is supplemented by the slower but more accurate likelihood ratio test (LRT).…”
Section: Enhancements To Ordinary Gwasmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The third category is the likelihood‐based association tests such as the conditional likelihood method (Schaid & Sommer,1993, 1994), the partial likelihood method for detecting imprinting and maternal effects (Han et al, 2013; Yang & Lin, 2013), the log‐linear models (Vermeulen et al, 2009; Weinberg & Umbach, 2005; Weinberg,1999a, 1999b; Wilcox et al, 1998), and the association test in the presence of informative missingness (Allen et al, 2003). The final category is the mixed effect models (Clark et al, 2016) or regression‐based unified methods combining triads and unrelated subjects (Cordell & Clayton, 2002; Cordell et al, 2004; Epstein et al, 2005; Nagelkerke et al, 2004). Extensions of family‐based methods have also been made for investigating the complex interplay between child and maternal genes, environmental exposures, and lifestyle factors by the inclusion of maternal and fetal genes, environmental factors, and/or their interactions (Kistner et al, 2009; Sinsheimer et al, 2003).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%